Background: It has been found that there is a link between hypertension and elevated risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Herein, a meta-analysis based on Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) was used to assess the effect of antihypertensive drugs on cognition and behavioral symptoms of AD patients.

Methods: The three databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, were searched up to March 2020. The quality of the studies included in the meta-analysis was evaluated by the Jadad score. Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) included in two studies, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) included in three studies, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) in three studies were the main outcomes in this systematic review.

Results: Out of 1506 studies retrieved in the databases, 5 RCTs were included and analyzed in the meta-analysis. The pooled mean differences of CGIC, MMSE, and NPI in patients with AD receiving antihypertensive drugs compared to placebo were -1.76 with (95% CI = -2.66 to -0.86; P=0.0001), 0.74 (95% CI = 0.20 to 1.28; P= 0.007), and -9.49 (95% CI = -19.76 to 0.79; P = 0.07), respectively.

Conclusion: The findings of the present meta-analysis show that antihypertensive drugs may improve cognition and behavioral symptoms of patients with AD. However, more well-designed RCTs with similar drugs are needed to achieve more conclusive results.

背景：已经发现高血压与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险升高之间存在联系。在此，一项基于随机临床试验 (RCT) 的荟萃分析用于评估降压药物对 AD 患者认知和行为症状的影响。

方法：检索了截至 2020 年 3 月的三个数据库 PubMed/Medline、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library。通过 Jadad 评分评估纳入荟萃分析的研究的质量。两项研究中的临床总体变化印象 (CGIC)、三项研究中的简易精神状态检查 (MMSE) 和三项研究中的神经精神量表 (NPI) 是本系统评价的主要结果。

结果：在数据库中检索到的 1506 项研究中，有 5 项 RCT 被纳入荟萃分析并进行了分析。与安慰剂相比，接受抗高血压药物治疗的 AD 患者 CGIC、MMSE 和 NPI 的汇总平均差异为 -1.76（95% CI = -2.66 至 -0.86；P = 0.0001）、0.74（95% CI = 0.20 至 1.28） ; P = 0.007) 和 -9.49 (95% CI = -19.76 至 0.79; P = 0.07)。

结论：本荟萃分析的结果表明，抗高血压药物可以改善 AD 患者的认知和行为症状。然而，需要更多设计良好的类似药物的 RCT 才能获得更确凿的结果。