ABSTRACT

The purpose of this systematic review was to examine if the motives of satisfaction with outcomes, enjoyment of behavior, self-determination, and identity are related to physical activity (PA) maintenance in older adults. We also explored whether the strength of these associations varies as a function of sample characteristics (i.e., age, gender, physical health status) and maintenance context. Five electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, SportDiscus, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) were searched, and sixteen studies (k) with a sample mean age ≥ 55 years were included. When the number of studies was ≥ 5 for a given motive, a pooled correlation coefficient was calculated using the inverse-variance method under the random-effects model assumption. Self-determination was positively associated with PA maintenance [r (95% CI) = 0.189 (0.127, 0.249); k = 11]. This association was stronger and more homogeneous for samples described as having a physical health condition (r = 0.212; k = 6) and studies judged to be at risk of bias due to missing data (r = 0.223; k = 8). Few studies (< 5) investigated satisfaction with outcomes, enjoyment of behavior, and identity, which precludes any summary judgment for these three motives. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42018088161.

摘要

本系统评价的目的是检查对结果满意、行为享受、自我决定和身份认同的动机是否与老年人的身体活动 (PA) 维持有关。我们还探讨了这些关联的强度是否随样本特征（即年龄、性别、身体健康状况）和维护环境而变化。检索了五个电子数据库（PubMed、PsycINFO、SportDiscus、CINAHL 和 ProQuest 论文和论文），并检索了 16 项研究（k) 样本平均年龄 ≥ 55 岁。当针对给定动机的研究数量≥ 5 时，在随机效应模型假设下使用逆方差方法计算汇总相关系数。自决与 PA 维持呈正相关 [ r (95% CI) = 0.189 (0.127, 0.249); k  = 11]。对于被描述为具有身体健康状况的样本 ( r  = 0.212; k  = 6) 以及被判断为因数据缺失而存在偏倚风险的研究 ( r  = 0.223; k = 8）。很少有研究 (< 5) 调查对结果的满意度、行为的享受和身份，这排除了对这三个动机的任何简要判断。PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42018088161。