Nanozymes are nanomaterials that exhibited high enzymatic activities and considered as a better alternative to natural enzymes. These nanoparticles are characterized by unique properties such as high catalytic activity with high stability, easy and low cost preparation. The multi-functional feature of nanozymes enables them to be applied in a wide range of applications such as biosensing, immunoassays, diseases diagnosis and therapeutics as well environmental management. In this context, this review provides a comprehensive overview about these nanoparticles, especially their types, preparation, characterization and enzymatic activities. In addition, some of their potential applications in the biocontrol of multi-drug resistant bacteria, medical field as well as environmental pollutants detection and removal have been highlighted. Nanozymes with both unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and enzyme-mimicking catalytic properties will attract a broad interest of scientists and offer promising strategies for diagnosis and treatment of many diseases and handling current environmental problems.

纳米酶是表现出高酶活性并且被认为是天然酶的更好替代品的纳米材料。这些纳米颗粒的特征在于独特的性质，例如高催化活性，高稳定性，易于制备和低成本。纳米酶的多功能特性使它们可以广泛应用于生物传感，免疫测定，疾病诊断和治疗以及环境管理等领域。在这种情况下，本综述提供了有关这些纳米颗粒的全面概述，尤其是它们的类型，制备，表征和酶活性。此外，它们在耐多药细菌的生物控制，医学领域以及环境污染物的检测和清除中的一些潜在应用也得到了强调。