Purpose Exercise and sports have many positive benefits for persons with or without a disability. Despite this, the contribution of exercise and sport participation to employment is less documented. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide insight into the direct and indirect associations of exercise and sport participation with employment among persons with disabilities. Methods Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and HealthStar) from their inception date to March 20, 2020. Peer-reviewed English and French articles were included if at least one outcome measure on employment or work-related outcomes as a result of participation in, or benefits of exercise and sport participation was the focus of the study. Results The research identified 2796 hits. Of which, 23 published between 1992 and 2019 met eligibility criteria. Seven studies identified a direct association between exercise and sport participation with employment and full-time positions. Sixteen studies reported on improved health/work-related outcomes such as occupational performance (i.e., self-care, functional independence), physical fitness (i.e., upper extremity strength, endurance) and psychological well-being (i.e., self-efficacy). Conclusions This scoping review highlights that exercise and sport participation have associations with employment and work-related outcomes. Benefits of exercise and sports may be considered to a greater extent, than in the past, in programs that facilitate employment for persons with disabilities. Additional research using longitudinal design should be conducted to further understand the strength of these associations and evaluate whether exercise and sport participation should be incorporated more intensely in vocational programs.

目的锻炼和运动对有或没有残疾的人有许多积极的好处。尽管如此，运动和体育参与对就业的贡献却鲜有记载。该范围审查的目的是深入了解锻炼和体育参与与残疾人就业之间的直接和间接关联。方法从成立日期到 2020 年 3 月 20 日，对六个数据库（MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、PsychINFO、CINAHL 和 HealthStar）进行了搜索。如果至少一项关于就业或工作相关的结果衡量标准，则纳入同行评议的英语和法语文章参与的结果，或锻炼和体育参与的好处是研究的重点。结果该研究确定了 2796 次点击。其中，1992 年至 2019 年间发表的 23 篇符合资格标准。七项研究确定了锻炼和体育参与与就业和全职职位之间的直接关联。16 项研究报告了改善健康/工作相关结果，例如职业表现（即自我保健、功能独立）、身体健康（即上肢力量、耐力）和心理健康（即自我效能）。结论该范围审查强调锻炼和体育参与与就业和工作相关的结果有关。与过去相比，在促进残疾人就业的计划中，锻炼和运动的好处可能会被更多地考虑。应进行使用纵向设计的额外研究，以进一步了解这些关联的强度，并评估是否应将运动和体育参与更深入地纳入职业计划。