Early childhood education is widely considered as the most important indicator of human capital, and it is powerfully related to economic development. In this paper, we try to study the extent of inequality of opportunity when a number of circumstances beyond individual’s control, such as family background, gender, and place of birth, can affect the access to basic education among Tunisian children. Using recent data for different periods, we calculate the dissimilarity index (D-index) for the basic education. Inequality gap has been detected between regions in 2018 and tends to increase over time since 2010. Residence area, father’s education, and child’s sex are the most contributing variables to access education inequality. Without policy intervention, there are a few chances for the next generation to overcome this trap of inequality.

早期教育被广泛认为是人力资本的最重要指标，并且与经济发展有密切关系。在本文中，我们尝试研究机会不平等的程度，这种情况是个人无法控制的许多情况（例如家庭背景，性别和出生地）会影响突尼斯儿童获得基础教育的机会。利用不同时期的最新数据，我们计算出基础教育的相异指数（D指数）。在2018年之间发现了地区之间的不平等差距，自2010年以来随着时间的推移，差距会加剧。居住地，父亲的教育程度和孩子的性别是导致教育不平等的最主要因素。没有政策干预，下一代就有很多机会克服这种不平等的陷阱。