Abstract

Practical use of power transmission cables based on high-temperature superconductors (HTSC cables) can be accounted for by their high throughput. Despite the large number of HTSC cables, experimental ones and those operating as parts of existing networks, the issues of using high-current liquid-nitrogen-cooled three-phase HTSC cables for the transmission of high-power electricity from power plants remain poorly studied. The injection of alternating current into the cable system imposes a number of specific limitations in the design of current leads. Most superconducting devices are dc devices, and so there are almost no techniques for calculating high-voltage high-current ac current leads. This paper discusses the particularities of operation of ac current cryoleads and proposes the principles of their calculation that allow one to increase the active power transmitted through them. The sequence of determining the geometrical dimensions of supporting insulators of current leads, which determine the total length of current leads, is shown as a function of the external environmental conditions. The effect of heat transfer in a nitrogen gas medium on the thermal mode of the current lead has been considered. It has been established that the effect of cooling on the thermal mode of the current lead is much less than that of the heat release and heat distribution due to the relatively small specific heat capacity of gaseous nitrogen. The parameters of self-cooled copper current leads designed for 12 kA are considered at cooling temperatures of 65 and 77.4 K as an example.

中文翻译：

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交流高温超导电缆电流引线的计算方法

摘要

基于高温超导体的电力传输电缆（HTSC电缆）的实际使用可以通过其高吞吐量来解决。尽管有大量的HTSC电缆，实验电缆和作为现有网络的一部分运行的电缆，但对使用大电流液氮冷却三相HTSC电缆从发电厂传输大功率电力的问题仍然缺乏研究。 。向电缆系统中注入交流电对电流引线的设计施加了许多特定限制。大多数超导设备是直流设备，因此几乎没有用于计算高压大电流交流电流引线的技术。本文讨论了交流电流低温线圈工作的特殊性，并提出了其计算原理，使人们可以增加通过交流低温线圈传输的有功功率。确定了确定电流引线的支撑绝缘子的几何尺寸的顺序，该顺序决定了电流引线的总长度，该顺序是外部环境条件的函数。已经考虑了在氮气介质中的热传递对电流引线的热模式的影响。已经确定，由于气态氮的比热容相对较小，冷却对电流引线的热模式的影响远小于热释放和热分布的影响。