Store Mosse (the ‘Great Bog’ in Swedish) is one of the most extensive bog complexes in southern Sweden (~77 km²), where pioneering palaeoenvironmental research has been carried out since the early 20th century. This includes, for example, vegetation changes, carbon and nitrogen dynamics, peat decomposition, atmospheric metal pollution, mineral dust deposition, dendrochronology, and tephrochronology. Even though organic matter (OM) represents the bulk of the peat mass and its compositional change has the potential to provide crucial ecological information on bog responses to environmental factors, peat OM molecular composition has not been addressed in detail. Here, a 568-cm-deep peat sequence was studied at high resolution, by attenuated reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) in the mid-infrared region (4000–400 cm^–1). Principal components analysis was performed on selected absorbances and change-point modelling was applied to the records to determine the timing of changes. Four components accounted for peat composition: (i) depletion/accumulation of labile (i.e. carbohydrates) and recalcitrant (i.e. lignin and other aromatics, aliphatics, organic acids and some N compounds) compounds, due to peat decomposition; (ii) variations in N compounds and carbohydrates; (iii) residual variation of lignin and organic acids; and (iv) residual variation of aliphatic structures. Peat decomposition showed two main patterns: a long-term trend highly correlated to peat age (r = 0.87), and a short-term trend, which showed five main phases of increased decomposition (at ~8.4–8.1, ~7.0–5.6, ~3.5–3.1, ~2.7–2.1 and ~1.6–1.3 ka) – mostly corresponding to drier climate and its effect on bog hydrology. The high peat accumulation event (~5.6–3.9 ka), described in earlier studies, is characterized by the lowest degree of peat decomposition of the whole record. Given that FTIR-ATR is a quick, non-destructive, cost-effective technique, our results indicate that it can be applied in a systematic way (including multicore studies) to peat research and provide relevant information on the evolution of peatlands.

中文翻译：

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使用 FTIR-ATR 追踪 9000 年 Store Mosse（瑞典）泥炭有机质成分的变化

Store Mosse（瑞典语中的“大沼泽”）是瑞典南部面积最大的沼泽群之一（约 77 公里²)，自 20 世纪初以来，这里就开展了开创性的古环境研究。例如，这包括植被变化、碳和氮动态、泥炭分解、大气金属污染、矿物粉尘沉积、树木年代学和地质年代学。尽管有机质 (OM) 代表了泥炭质量的大部分，并且其组成变化有可能提供关于沼泽对环境因素响应的关键生态信息，但泥炭 OM 分子组成尚未得到详细解决。在这里，通过中红外区域（4000–400 cm ^–1）。对选定的吸光度进行主成分分析，并将变化点模型应用于记录以确定变化的时间。泥炭成分有四个组成部分：(i) 由于泥炭分解，不稳定（即碳水化合物）和顽固（即木质素和其他芳烃、脂肪族、有机酸和一些 N 化合物）化合物的消耗/积累；(ii) N 化合物和碳水化合物的变化；(iii) 木质素和有机酸的残留变化；(iv) 脂肪族结构的残留变化。泥炭分解显示出两种主要模式：与泥炭年龄高度相关的长期趋势（r = 0.87），以及短期趋势，显示分解增加的五个主要阶段（在~8.4-8.1、~7.0-5.6、~3.5-3.1、~2.7-2.1和~1.6-1.3 ka）——大部分对应干旱气候及其对沼泽水文的影响。早期研究中描述的高泥炭积累事件（~5.6-3.9 ka）的特点是整个记录的泥炭分解程度最低。鉴于 FTIR-ATR 是一种快速、无损、具有成本效益的技术，我们的结果表明，它可以系统地（包括多核研究）应用于泥炭研究，并提供有关泥炭地演化的相关信息。