Both cottonseed meal (CSM) and dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) are important plant protein sources for fish. This study investigated the effects of dietary DDGS inclusion to replace different portions of CSM on growth performance, muscle texture, health status as well as myogenic-related genes expression of juvenile grass carp (initial weight: 5 g). A 60-d feeding trial was performed by feeding fish with three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing different levels of DDGS (0, 10.3% and 20.6%). The highest growth and feed efficiency occurred at 20.6% DDGS dietary inclusion. Body condition factor, hepatosomatic index, serum ALT and AST as well as hepatic GSH and T-SOD all showed a downward trend with increasing dietary inclusion of DDGS (p < .05). Collagen content in raw muscle increased with DDGS inclusion. However, DDGS inclusion decreased muscle texture indices and muscle fibre density, while increased muscle fibre diameter (p < .05). Dietary DDGS inclusions significantly upregulated the expression of fgf6a, myh1, myh2 and myh4 in muscle, while downregulated the expression of myod, myf5, myog, mrf4, mstn1, fgf6b and myh7. Overall, dietary DDGS replacing CSM positively affects growth by regulating gene expression involved in myogenesis and hypertrophy, while depressed antioxidant capacity.

中文翻译：

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用可溶物干酒糟代替棉籽粕对草鱼生长性能、肌肉质地、健康和肌肉相关基因表达的影响（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）

棉籽粕 (CSM) 和含可溶物的干酒糟 (DDGS) 都是鱼类的重要植物蛋白来源。本研究调查了日粮中添加 DDGS 来代替不同部分的 CSM 对草鱼幼鱼（初始体重：5 g）的生长性能、肌肉质地、健康状况以及生肌相关基因表达的影响。一项为期 60 天的饲喂试验是通过用三种含有不同水平 DDGS（0、10.3% 和 20.6%）的等氮和等能日粮喂养鱼来进行的。最高的生长和饲料效率发生在 20.6% 的 DDGS 日粮中。体况因子、肝体指数、血清ALT和AST以及肝脏GSH和T-SOD均随着DDGS日粮添加量的增加呈下降趋势（p < .05）。加入 DDGS 后，生肌肉中的胶原蛋白含量增加。然而，加入 DDGS 会降低肌肉质地指数和肌肉纤维密度，同时增加肌肉纤维直径 ( p  < .05)。日粮DDGS内含物显着上调肌肉中fgf6a、myh1、myh2和myh4的表达，同时下调myod、myf5、  myog、mrf4、mstn1、fgf6b 和myh7的表达. 总体而言，膳食 DDGS 替代 CSM 通过调节参与肌生成和肥大的基因表达对生长产生积极影响，同时降低抗氧化能力。