A series of experiments exploring the propagation of a solitary wave over a submerged step were performed using a flow-field visualization measurement system, an image-connection technique as well as model simulations. The experimental data were used to validate a one-layer finite-element non-hydrostatic model and a multi-layer finite-difference non-hydrostatic σ model for various submerged step configurations and wave conditions—combinations of step height ratios d/h, width ratios B/h and solitary wave height ratios H/h, where d denotes the step height, B the step width, H the solitary wave height, and h the still water depth. The main differences between the numerical results and the experimental data are highlighted. The effect of the height and width of the submerged step as well as the wave height of the solitary wave are quantified in terms of reflection (R), transmission (T), and energy dissipation (D). Through a series of numerical experiments, an optimal combination of the height ratio d/h, width ratio B/h, and solitary wave height ratio H/h for breakwater design for coastal protection is suggested.

中文翻译：

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孤波与淹没台阶的相互作用：实验和模拟

使用流场可视化测量系统，图像连接技术以及模型仿真，进行了一系列探索孤波在水下台阶上传播的实验。实验数据用于验证各种淹没式台阶构造和波浪条件（台阶高度比d / h，宽度的组合）的单层有限元非静水模型和多层有限差分非静水σ模型比率B / h和孤立波高度比率H / h，其中d表示阶跃高度，B表示阶跃宽度，H表示孤波高度，h静止的水深。突出了数值结果和实验数据之间的主要区别。根据反射（R），透射（T）和能量耗散（D）来量化淹没台阶的高度和宽度以及孤波的波高的影响。通过一系列数值实验，提出了防波堤设计用于海岸保护的高度比d / h，宽度比B / h和孤波高度比H / h的最佳组合。