Research on the impact of guided investigation, including verbal guidance strategies, has expanded in the recent decade, and the current work contributes to this line of research in a museum context. The current in-depth study examines the impact of verbal guidance strategies on family learning at an open-ended museum exhibit, considering participants' individual characteristics. The experiments and conversations of 104 families were observed at an object motion exhibit. Results show that families, with and without guidance, investigated in a meaningful way by performing control-of-variables strategy experiments, investigating a range of variables, and formulating hypotheses and causal explanations. However, the results also show that the process of learning scientific concepts could be improved. Minimal interventions of museum educators positively affected the families' learning process by reducing the number of scientifically incorrect remarks. Interestingly, in addition to discussing the phenomenon, especially the families with highly educated parents discussed the topic of reliability of their experiments, which is an under-investigated aspect of learning through investigation. Only children's cognitive ability and not parental education was modestly, but consistently related to the families' performance.

中文翻译：

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家庭在科学博物馆开放式展览中的实验和对话：个体特征和最小指导策略的影响

对引导调查影响的研究，包括口头指导策略，在最近十年有所扩大，目前的工作有助于博物馆背景下的这一研究方向。目前的深入研究考察了开放式博物馆展览中口头指导策略对家庭学习的影响，同时考虑了参与者的个人特征。在一个物体运动展览中观察了104个家庭的实验和对话。结果表明，无论有没有指导，家庭都通过进行变量控制策略实验、调查一系列变量以及制定假设和因果解释，以有意义的方式进行调查。然而，结果也表明，学习科学概念的过程是可以改进的。博物馆教育者的最小干预通过减少科学不正确评论的数量对家庭的学习过程产生积极影响。有趣的是，除了讨论这一现象外，尤其是父母受过高等教育的家庭还讨论了他们实验的可靠性的话题，这是通过调查学习的一个未被调查的方面。独生子女的认知能力与父母教育无关，但与家庭表现始终相关。这是通过调查学习的一个未充分研究的方面。独生子女的认知能力与父母教育无关，但与家庭表现始终相关。这是通过调查学习的一个未充分研究的方面。独生子女的认知能力与父母教育无关，但与家庭表现始终相关。