Abstract

Under increasing human activity in Arctic areas and in the face of global climate change, the study of Arctic communities and ecosystems is becoming more and more relevant. However, the question of the impact of interspecific interactions in their transformation remains unresolved. The paper deals with an analysis of diet selectivity of Wrangel Island lemming, goose and ruminant species, also with an estimation of the selectivity influence on their long-term community dynamics and the entire tundra ecosystem functioning. It was shown that the herbivore selectivity distribution mainly depends on their morphophisiology and that, under equal conditions, lesser selective feeders become dominant with increasing biodiversity. We conclude that, despite the considerable human impact on the composition of herbivore species on the island, their mainly endogenous dynamics of abundance distribution correspond to ecological succession, in which the total herbivore biomass decreased by half and their total phytomass consumption—and likely the whole primary production—decreased more than fourfold.

中文翻译：

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弗兰格尔岛草食动物的饮食选择及其对生态系统循环的影响

摘要

随着北极地区人类活动的增加以及面对全球气候变化，对北极群落和生态系统的研究变得越来越重要。然而，种间相互作用对其转化的影响的问题仍未解决。本文分析了弗兰格尔岛旅鼠，鹅和反刍动物的饮食选择性，并评估了选择性对其长期群落动态和整个苔原生态系统功能的影响。结果表明，草食动物的选择性分布主要取决于它们的形态学，并且在相同条件下，随着生物多样性的增加，较少的选择性饲养者成为主导。我们得出的结论是，尽管人类对岛上草食动物物种的组成产生了巨大影响，