The preparation of low-entropy starting conditions is a key requirement for many experiments involving neutral atoms. Here we propose a method to autonomously assemble arbitrary spatial configurations of atoms within arrays of optical tweezers or lattice sites, enabled by a combination of tunneling and ground-state laser cooling. In contrast to previous methods, our protocol does not rely on either imaging or evaporative cooling. This circumvents limitations associated with imaging fidelity and loss, especially in systems with small spatial scales, while providing a substantial improvement in speed relative to evaporative approaches. These features may make it well suited for preparing arbitrary initial conditions for Bose-Hubbard or Rydberg interacting systems.

中文翻译：

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将冷原子自动重排为低熵构型的协议

低熵起始条件的准备是许多涉及中性原子的实验的关键要求。在这里，我们提出了一种通过隧道效应和基态激光冷却相结合的方法，在光镊或晶格位点阵列中自动组装原子的任意空间配置的方法。与以前的方法相比，我们的协议不依赖于成像或蒸发冷却。这可以规避与成像保真度和损失相关的限制，尤其是在空间尺度较小的系统中，同时相对于蒸发方法可以大大提高速度。这些功能可能使其非常适合为Bose-Hubbard或Rydberg相互作用系统准备任意初始条件。