The morphology of small longitudinal dunes responded clearly to wind fields in the northeastern Rub'al Khali Desert. Based on local meteorological data and high-resolution satellite images, we analyzed the wind regime, drift potential (DP), dune morphology changes, and migration rates. The wind roses revealed that two opposing winds (from the northwest and southeast), both at an oblique angle to the dune crest, dominated the structure of the wind regime, with periodic changes between these directions. The annual DP from 2017 to 2019 ranged from 615 to 688 vector units (VU), and the resultant drift potential (RDP) ranged from 149 to 311 VU, indicating a high-energy wind environment. The most erosive winds (DP > 60 VU) occurred from February to June. Controlled by the wind field, dune morphology remained longitudinal from September to May. However, small longitudinal dunes (height below 5 m) transformed into transverse dunes from June to August, and formed a dune network with the large longitudinal dunes. On flat land, a series of active longitudinal dunes migrated at 7.8 to 15.1 m yr⁻¹, with a mean of 11.9 m yr⁻¹. Their dominant migration mode was parallel to the resultant drift direction (RDD), with the dunes extending downwind via accretion at the downwind ends. These dunes also migrate laterally by 0.4 to 0.8 m yr⁻¹ while maintaining a symmetrical longitudinal dune morphology. These results expand our knowledge of dune migration and evolution, and provide guidance for protecting areas such as oases threatened by migrating dunes.

小型纵向沙丘的形态清楚地响应了东北鲁巴哈里沙漠的风场。基于当地的气象数据和高分辨率的卫星图像，我们分析了风况，漂移势（DP），沙丘形态变化和迁移率。风玫瑰显示，两个相对的风（从西北和东南方向）都与沙丘顶成倾斜角，主导了风域的结构，并且在这些方向之间有周期性的变化。2017年至2019年的年度DP范围为615至688矢量单位（VU），并且由此产生的漂移潜力（RDP）范围为149至311 VU，这表明高能风环境。最强风（DP > 60 VU）发生在2月到6月之间。在风场的控制下，沙丘形态在9月至5月期间保持纵向。然而，小的纵向沙丘（高度低于5 m）在6月至8月间转变为横向沙丘，并与大的纵向沙丘形成了沙丘网络。在平坦的土地上，一系列活跃的纵向沙丘在7.8到15.1 m yr ^-1迁移，平均移动速度为11.9 m yr ^-1。它们的主要迁移模式与最终的漂移方向（RDD）平行，沙丘通过顺风端的吸积向顺风方向延伸。这些沙丘也向侧面移动了0.4至0.8 m yr ^-1同时保持对称的纵向沙丘形态。这些结果扩展了我们对沙丘迁移和演化的知识，并为保护诸如沙丘迁移威胁的绿洲等地区提供了指导。