Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has received a lot of attention since its introduction, owing to its cost efficiency and freedom in design. For a successful and repeatable AM process, metal powders conform to strict chemical and physical properties requirements. There are numerous factors affecting these characteristics in both virgin and used powders. This article presents a comprehensive overview on manufacturing methods of AM metal powders and the reusability of titanium, nickel and aluminum alloys (mainly Ti-6Al-4V, nickel alloy 718 and Al-Si10-Mg) as well as criteria for such reuse. Moreover, the feasibility of recycling AM metal powders is discussed. This article also provides perspectives and recommendations to enable AM users develop a well-defined and standard powder reuse process for keeping consistency in the desired characteristics of the powders or the built parts.

自从问世以来，金属增材制造（AM）由于其成本效益和设计自由度而受到了广泛的关注。为了成功且可重复地进行增材制造过程，金属粉末必须符合严格的化学和物理性能要求。在原始粉末和用过的粉末中都有许多因素会影响这些特性。本文全面介绍了AM金属粉末的制造方法以及钛，镍和铝合金（主要是Ti-6Al-4V，镍合金718和Al-Si10-Mg）的可重复使用性，以及此类重复使用的标准。此外，讨论了回收AM金属粉末的可行性。