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Female Southern White Rhinoceros Can Select Mates to Avoid Inbreeding
Journal of Heredity ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-30 , DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esab028
Ken J Stratford 1 , Abigail S Guerier 1 , Stuart J Crawford 2 , Sabina M C Stratford 1 , Anne Schmidt-Küntzel 3 , Jacqueline M Bishop 4
Affiliation  

Current management models for many endangered species focus primarily on demographic recovery, often ignoring their intrinsic ecological requirements. Across the protected area network of southern Africa, most southern white rhinoceros are managed in populations of less than 50 individuals, experiencing restricted dispersal opportunities, and limited breeding male numbers due to their exclusive home range requirements. In the absence of information on the breeding structure of these populations, poor management decisions may require females to either forego a breeding opportunity or select to inbreed with close relatives. Here, we use a combination of social pedigree data together with genetic analyses to reconstruct the parentage of all 28 offspring produced in a 5-year period in a managed free-ranging southern white rhinoceros population. During this period, all breeding females (founders and first-generation daughters) had access to both a founder male (father to most of the daughters) and two recently introduced inexperienced males. We report that while founder females were more likely to breed with the founder male, their daughters, in contrast, were more likely to breed with the introduced males, thus avoiding inbreeding. However, we also found evidence of father–daughter inbreeding in this population, and contend that in the absence of choice, rather than forego a breeding opportunity, female white rhinoceros will inbreed with their fathers. We argue that to effectively conserve the southern white rhinoceros, managers need to understand the breeding structure of these small populations, particularly in terms of parentage and kinship.

中文翻译:

雌性南方白犀牛可以选择配偶以避免近亲繁殖

许多濒危物种的当前管理模式主要关注人口恢复,往往忽略其内在的生态要求。在南部非洲的保护区网络中,大多数南部白犀牛的种群数量少于 50 只,由于其独特的栖息地要求,它们的传播机会有限,繁殖雄性数量有限。在缺乏关于这些种群繁殖结构的信息的情况下,糟糕的管理决策可能要求雌性要么放弃繁殖机会,要么选择与近亲近亲繁殖。在这里,我们将社会谱系数据与遗传分析相结合,重建受管理的自由放养南方白犀牛种群在 5 年内产生的所有 28 只后代的亲子关系。在此期间,所有育种女性(创始人和第一代女儿)都可以接触到一名创始人男性(大多数女儿的父亲)和两名最近引入的缺乏经验的男性。我们报告说,虽然创始人雌性更有可能与创始人雄性繁殖,但相比之下,他们的女儿更有可能与引入的雄性繁殖,从而避免近亲繁殖。然而,我们还在这个种群中发现了父女近亲繁殖的证据,并认为在没有选择的情况下,雌性白犀牛不会放弃繁殖机会,而是会与它们的父亲近亲繁殖。我们认为,为了有效保护南方白犀牛,管理者需要了解这些小种群的繁殖结构,特别是在亲缘关系和亲属关系方面。所有繁殖的雌性(创始人和第一代女儿)都可以接触到一名创始人男性(大多数女儿的父亲)和两名最近引入的缺乏经验的男性。我们报告说,虽然创始人雌性更有可能与创始人雄性繁殖,但相比之下,他们的女儿更有可能与引入的雄性繁殖,从而避免近亲繁殖。然而,我们还在这个种群中发现了父女近亲繁殖的证据,并认为在没有选择的情况下,雌性白犀牛不会放弃繁殖机会,而是会与它们的父亲近亲繁殖。我们认为,为了有效保护南方白犀牛,管理者需要了解这些小种群的繁殖结构,特别是在亲缘关系和亲属关系方面。所有繁殖的雌性(创始人和第一代女儿)都可以接触到一名创始人男性(大多数女儿的父亲)和两名最近引入的缺乏经验的男性。我们报告说,虽然创始人雌性更有可能与创始人雄性繁殖,但相比之下,他们的女儿更有可能与引入的雄性繁殖,从而避免近亲繁殖。然而,我们还在这个种群中发现了父女近亲繁殖的证据,并认为在没有选择的情况下,雌性白犀牛不会放弃繁殖机会,而是会与它们的父亲近亲繁殖。我们认为,为了有效保护南方白犀牛,管理者需要了解这些小种群的繁殖结构,特别是在亲缘关系和亲属关系方面。
更新日期:2021-04-30
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