Abstract

This paper, which is based on literature and documentary survey, explores civilian police oversight mechanisms in Europe, Australia and Africa. The paper reveals that Europe has several nations with independent institutions to investigate police misconduct; thought there is limited empirical research on the effectiveness of these institutions. Independent police oversight institutions in Australia have limited investigative powers and they are more of review boards. Two African countries- Kenya and South Africa have independent institutions to investigate police misconduct, though the effectiveness of these two institutions has been questioned.

中文翻译：

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民警监督：欧洲、澳大利亚和非洲警察监督机制的当代回顾

摘要

本文基于文献和文献调查，探讨了欧洲、澳大利亚和非洲的民警监督机制。该文件显示，欧洲有几个国家设有独立机构来调查警察的不当行为；认为对这些机构的有效性进行的实证研究有限。澳大利亚的独立警察监督机构的调查权有限，更像是审查委员会。两个非洲国家——肯尼亚和南非都有独立的机构来调查警察的不当行为，尽管这两个机构的有效性受到质疑。