Historical flood events on the River Avon in the city of Bath were reconstructed using a 1D hydraulic model. The model represents the river prior to the completion of the Bath flood defence scheme and was developed based on archived data on archival materials including historical cross sections of channel geometry, technical drawings of hydraulic structures, descriptions of floodplain extent, epigraphic markings and photographs. The model was calibrated on two historical floods for which peak flow values were available from hydrological data (March 1947 and December 1960) and the calibration was based on adjustment of Manning's n as well as the introduction of floodplains identified from historical maps and photos. Subsequently, the peak flow was assessed for a total of 16 events for which flood marks existed in the centre of the city. A composite annual maximum series of peak flow was created upstream of Bath city centre and presented a flow series consisting of data from 1866 to present day. Finally, flood frequency analysis was undertaken on the dataset, showing that the inclusion of historical floods increased the 1 in 100 year design flood by up to 30%, that is, a substantial influence.

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使用水力模型重建历史洪水事件的峰值流量：英国巴斯市

使用一维水力模型重建了巴斯市埃文河上的历史洪水事件。该模型代表了巴斯防洪计划完成之前的河流，是根据档案材料的存档数据开发的，包括历史河道几何横截面、水工结构的技术图纸、洪泛区范围的描述、碑文标记和照片。该模型针对两次历史洪水进行了校准，其峰值流量值可从水文数据中获得（1947 年 3 月和 1960 年 12 月），校准基于曼宁n以及从历史地图和照片中确定的洪泛区的引入。随后，对城市中心存在洪水标记的总共 16 个事件的峰值流量进行了评估。在巴斯市中心上游创建了一个复合年度最大峰值流量序列，并呈现了一个流量序列，该序列由 1866 年至今的数据组成。最后，对该数据集进行了洪水频率分析，结果表明，纳入历史洪水使 100 年一遇的设计洪水增加了 30%，即具有实质性影响。