In recent years, generation of large-scale data from genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, epigenome, and others, has become routine in several plant species. Most of these datasets in different crop species, however, were studied independently and as a result, full insight could not be gained on the molecular basis of complex traits and biological networks. A systems biology approach involving integration of multiple omics data, modeling, and prediction of the cellular functions is required to understand the flow of biological information that underlies complex traits. In this context, systems biology with multiomics data integration is crucial and allows a holistic understanding of the dynamic system with the different levels of biological organization interacting with external environment for a phenotypic expression. Here, we present recent progress made in the area of various omics studies—integrative and systems biology approaches with a special focus on application to crop improvement. We have also discussed the challenges and opportunities in multiomics data integration, modeling, and understanding of the biology of complex traits underpinning yield and stress tolerance in major cereals and legumes.

中文翻译：

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作物改良的系统生物学

近年来，从基因组、转录组、蛋白质组、代谢组、表观基因组等中生成大规模数据已成为几种植物物种的常规数据。然而，不同作物物种中的大多数数据集都是独立研究的，因此，无法在复杂性状和生物网络的分子基础上获得全面的了解。需要一种涉及多个组学数据整合、建模和细胞功能预测的系统生物学方法，以了解构成复杂特征的生物信息流。在这种情况下，具有多组学数据集成的系统生物学至关重要，它允许对具有不同生物组织水平的动态系统与外部环境相互作用以进行表型表达的整体理解。这里，我们介绍了各种组学研究领域的最新进展——综合和系统生物学方法，特别关注在作物改良方面的应用。我们还讨论了多组学数据集成、建模和理解支持主要谷物和豆类产量和胁迫耐受性的复杂性状生物学方面的挑战和机遇。