Northern latitudes of Pakistan are warming at faster rate as compared to the rest of the country. It has induced irregular and sudden glacier fluctuations leading to the progression of glacial lakes, and thus enhancing the risk of Glacier Lake Outbursts Floods (GLOF) in the mountain systems of Pakistan. Lack of up-to-date inventory, classification, and susceptibility profiles of glacier lakes and newly formed GLOFs, are few factors which pose huge hindrance towards disaster preparedness and risk reduction strategies in Pakistan. This study aims to bridge the existing gap in data and knowledge by exploiting satellite observations, and efforts are made to compile and update glacier lake inventories. GLOF susceptibility assessment is evaluated by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multicriteria structured technique based on three susceptibility contributing factors: Geographic, topographic, and climatic. A total of 294 glacial lakes are delineated with a total area of 7.85 ± 0.31 km² for the year 2018. Analysis has identified six glacier lakes as potential GLOF and met the pre-established criteria of damaging GLOFs. The historical background of earlier GLOF events is utilized to validate the anticipated approach and found this method appropriate for first order detection and prioritization of potential GLOFs in Northern Pakistan.

中文翻译：

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喀喇昆仑西部罕萨河盆地冰川湖的存量和GLOF敏感性

与该国其他地区相比，巴基斯坦北部纬度的升温速度更快。它诱发了不规则和突然的冰川波动，从而导致冰川湖的发展，从而增加了巴基斯坦山区的冰川湖爆发洪水（GLOF）的风险。缺乏冰川湖和新形成的GLOF的最新清单，分类和易感性，这是对巴基斯坦备灾和减少风险战略造成巨大障碍的少数因素。这项研究旨在通过利用卫星观测来弥合数据和知识方面的现有差距，并努力汇编和更新冰川湖泊清单。GLOF敏感性评估是通过使用层次分析法（AHP）进行评估的，一种基于三个敏感性因素的多准则结构化技术：地理，地形和气候。总共描绘了294个冰川湖泊，总面积为7.85±0.31 km2018年为^2个。分析确定了六个冰川湖为潜在的GLOF，并符合破坏GLOF的既定标准。利用早期GLOF事件的历史背景来验证预期的方法，并发现此方法适用于巴基斯坦北部潜在的GLOF的一阶检测和优先级排序。