Abstract

The current state of the research activities of the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (MAO NASU) on the use of GNSS technology is presented. Today, MAO operates a permanent GNSS network consisting of five stations (two stations are temporarily inactive). All stations are included in EPN and the EPOS network, GLSV, KHAR, and UZHL stations are also integrated to the IGS network. MAO Operational Centre also provides automatic data transfer from 12 stations installed by other Ukrainian organizations included in the international networks. Data from approximately 300 Ukrainian permanent GNSS stations are stored in the MAO Local Data Centre. The MAO Local Analysis Centre uses Bernese GNSS Software for different types of data processing of GNSS observations. Rapid processing is performed on a daily basis for monitoring the stability of the permanent stations from some Ukrainian RTK networks. All available observations data from the Ukrainian stations for the period from December 7, 1997, to January 28, 2017, were processed according EPN standards during the MAO’s second reprocessing campaign and regular processing. As a result, the coordinates in the IGb08 reference frame and tropospheric zenith delays for 233 permanent stations (202 of them are the Ukrainian stations), as well as the velocities for the 128 stations that have observation period more than 3 years, were estimated. The creation and development of local GNSS networks, as well as the long-term filling of databases with high-precision coordinate solutions and estimates of the displacement velocities of GNSS stations, made possible to conduct geodynamic studies at the local level. The strain ellipses and rotation were found based on estimated coordinates and velocities of the GNSS stations. In 2016–2019, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, in cooperation with MAO NASU, performed a number of studies on high-precision GNSS positioning and navigation. New implementations of modern methods and algorithms for the PPP positioning were created and experimentally tested. The errors of the daily floating PPP solutions were 5…8 mm (with a probability of P ≈ 95%) for static mode and 5…8 cm (P ≈ 68%) for kinematic mode. The decimeter/centimeter error of determining the coordinates of current satellites with low Earth orbits (LEO) in the implementation of kinematic floating and fixed PPP solutions was proven. The development of a high-accuracy multiposition phase system of trajectory measurements for field tests of high dynamic aircrafts (HDA) were proposed. The estimated values of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) in determining the HDA motion variables were in the range from 0.05 to 0.40 m for coordinates and from 0.5 to 1.6 cm/s for the velocity vector components.

中文翻译：

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乌克兰国家科学院主要天文台关于GNSS技术使用的研究活动

摘要

介绍了乌克兰国家科学院主要天文台（MAO NASU）关于使用GNSS技术的研究活动的现状。如今，MAO运营着一个由五个站组成的永久性GNSS网络（两个站暂时处于非活动状态）。所有电台都包含在EPN中，并且EPOS网络，GLSV，KHAR和UZHL电台也已集成到IGS网络中。MAO运营中心还提供国际网络中其他乌克兰组织安装的12个电台的自动数据传输。来自大约300个乌克兰永久性GNSS站的数据存储在MAO本地数据中心中。MAO本地分析中心使用Bernese GNSS软件对GNSS观测值进行不同类型的数据处理。每天都会进行快速处理，以监视某些乌克兰RTK网络中的永久站点的稳定性。在MAO的第二次再处理活动和常规处理过程中，根据EPN标准处理了1997年12月7日至2017年1月28日期间来自乌克兰站的所有可用观测数据。结果，估算了233个永久站（其中202个是乌克兰站）在IGb08参考帧中的坐标和对流层天顶延迟，并估算了观测期超过3年的128个站的速度。本地GNSS网络的创建和开发，以及长期使用高精度坐标解决方案填充数据库以及GNSS台站位移速度的估算，使在当地进行地球动力学研究成为可能。根据估计的GNSS站的坐标和速度，可以找到应变椭圆和旋转。2016-2019年，哈尔科夫国立无线电电子大学与MAO NASU合作，对高精度GNSS定位和导航进行了许多研究。用于PPP定位的现代方法和算法的新实现已创建并进行了实验测试。每日浮动PPP解决方案的误差为5…8 mm（概率为 对高精度GNSS定位和导航进行了许多研究。用于PPP定位的现代方法和算法的新实现已创建并进行了实验测试。每日浮动PPP解决方案的误差为5…8 mm（概率为 对高精度GNSS定位和导航进行了许多研究。用于PPP定位的现代方法和算法的新实现已创建并进行了实验测试。每日浮动PPP解决方案的误差为5…8 mm（概率为P ≈95％）为静态模式和5 ...8厘米（P  ≈68％）为运动模式。证明了在实施运动学浮动和固定PPP解决方案时确定当前低地球轨道（LEO）卫星坐标的分米/厘米误差。提出了一种用于高动态飞机（HDA）现场测试的高精度轨迹测量多相相位系统的开发。确定HDA运动变量时，均方根误差（RMSE）的估计值的坐标范围为0.05到0.40 m，速度矢量分量的范围为0.5到1.6 cm / s。