Three new species of Oleandra from the Neotropics are described, illustrated, and compared to similar species. Oleandra amazonica and O. steyermarkii are endemic to the Guiana Shield, whereas O. hovenkampii has an apparent disjunct distribution, being known from Peru and Costa Rica. We also re-define the informal, morphological groups of Neotropical Oleandra: 1. Species with slender, creeping stems clothed with squarrose, spreading scales, and forming stipe-like phyllopodia, with alternate and spaced phyllotaxy; 2. An intermediate group between groups 1 and 3, composed of species with mostly slender, creeping stems clothed with appressed scales, and forming stipe-like phyllopodia, with mixed phylotaxy (alternate in some species, tending to verticilate in others); and 3. Species with stout, climbing to ascending stems clothed with appressed scales, and forming stem-like phyllopodia, with verticillate phyllotaxy. In total, we recognize 21 valid species for the Neotropics, and tentatively accommodate them in those three groups, each one with 9, 5, and 7 species, respectively.

描述，说明并说明了来自新热带地区的三种夹竹桃新物种，并将其与相似物种进行了比较。Oleandra莲和O. steyermarkii是特有的圭亚那盾，而O. hovenkampii的表观间断分布，来自秘鲁和哥斯达黎加是已知的。我们还重新定义了新热带夹竹桃的非正式形态组：1.具细长的creep茎的种，鳞片具鳞片，扩大鳞片，形成具柄状的叶状足，相互间有间隔的叶状体；2.在第1和第3组之间的一个中间组，由多数细长的蠕动茎组成，鳞片具鳞片，并形成菌柄状的phyllopodia，具有混合的phylotaxy（在某些物种中为候生，在其他物种中趋向于变态）；3.具粗壮的种，爬升到具鳞片的上升的茎，形成具轮生叶状的叶柄的茎状叶状足。我们总共识别出21种新热带有效物种，并暂时将它们容纳在这三组中，每组分别具有9、5和7种。