ABSTRACT

Favolus is a monophyletic genus of polypores that causes white rot of various woody plants. The genus has a worldwide distribution and is ecologically and economically important. Several taxa have been described or reported from the Neotropics, and F. brasiliensis, described originally from Brazil, is the type species for the genus. Based on molecular investigations, F. brasiliensis is now known to represent a species complex. The species is morphologically and phylogenetically circumscribed and epitypified here, and F. rugulosus is proposed as a new related species. Favolus grammocephalus and Polyporus philippinensis, initially described from Asia, have also recently been recorded from the Neotropics, so these taxa were included in this investigation employing morphological and multigene (mitochondrial, ribosomal, and protein-coding regions) phylogenetic analyses. These latter two species do not occur in the Neotropics, but the misapplied names actually represent three new species: F. pseudogrammocephalus, F. radiatifibrillosus, and F. yanomami. Nine species of Favolus are documented now for the Neotropics. Detailed descriptions of F. brasiliensis and all new taxa are provided, along with comments, illustrations, a map of potential distribution, and a key for neotropical species of Favolus.

摘要

Favolus是多孔菌的单系属，可引起各种木本植物的白腐病。该属在世界范围内分布，具有重要的生态和经济意义。新热带地区已经描述或报道了几种分类群，最初来自巴西的F. brasiliensis是该属的模式种。根据分子研究，现在已知F. brasiliensis代表一个物种复合体。该物种在形态学和系统发育上受到限制和表型化，并且F. rugulosus被提议为一个新的相关物种。Favolus grammocephalus和Polyporus philippinensis最初来自亚洲，最近也被记录在新热带，因此这些分类群被包括在这项调查中，采用形态学和多基因（线粒体、核糖体和蛋白质编码区）系统发育分析。后两个物种不会出现在新热带地区，但误用的名称实际上代表了三个新物种：F. pseudogrammocephalus、F. radiatifibrillosus和F. yanomami。现在已为新热带地区记录了九种 Favolus。提供了F. brasiliensis和所有新分类群的详细描述，以及评论、插图、潜在分布图和Favolus新热带物种的关键。