There is abundant literature about the impact of residential insulation on energy consumption using different methods. However, ex-post evaluation methods have not been used yet, which are helpful when the participants in a program are not chosen randomly. Therefore, this study performs the first ex-post evaluation of a residential insulation program using the “matching with differences-in-differences” method. This non-experimental method allows obtaining the causal impact of the program since it controls for observable factors and non-observable factors that are invariable over time. The data comes from a unique survey that includes energy consumption for heating and control variables for households benefited and not benefited by the program, both in the year before and after the retrofit. The results show that the residential insulation program does not significantly reduce energy consumption or external PM_2.5 emissions in the treated dwellings. Still, there is a significant increase in the perception of thermal comfort associated with the rebound effect. Thus, it is concluded that the program has not been an effective tool to reduce air pollution, but it improves the quality of life through an increase in thermal comfort.

关于使用不同方法的住宅隔热对能耗的影响，已有大量文献报道。但是，尚未使用事后评估方法，当不随机选择计划参与者时，这很有用。因此，本研究使用“差异匹配”方法对住宅隔热方案进行了首次事后评估。这种非实验方法可以控制程序的因果关系，因为它控制随时间变化的可观察因素和不可观察因素。数据来自一项独特的调查，包括改造前后的一年中供暖能耗和该计划受益和未受益的家庭的控制变量。_2.5处理过的房屋中的排放物。尽管如此，与回弹效果相关的热舒适感仍显着增加。因此，可以得出结论，该程序并不是减少空气污染的有效工具，但可以通过提高热舒适度来改善生活质量。