Background Subjective social status (SSS) has shown inverse relationships with cardiometabolic risk, but intersectionalities of race/ethnicity and sex may indicate more nuanced relationships. Purpose To investigate associations of SSS with cardiometabolic risk markers by race/ethnicity and sex. Methods Data were from Wave IV (2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 4,847; 24–32 years), which collected biological cardiometabolic risk markers. A 10-step ladder captured SSS; respondents indicated on which step they perceived they stood in relation to other people in the U.S. higher values indicated higher SSS (range: 1–10). We tested the relationship between SSS and individual markers using generalized least square means linear regression models, testing three-way interactions between SSS, race/ethnicity, and sex (p < .10) before stratification. Results SSS–race/ethnicity–sex interactions were significantly associated with waist circumference (p ≤ .0001), body mass index (BMI; p ≤ .0001), systolic blood pressure (SBP; p ≤ .0001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; p = .0004), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; p = .07). SSS was associated with waist circumference (β [SE]: −1.2 (0.4), p < .05) and BMI (−0.6 [0.2], p < .01) for non-Hispanic White females, compared with males; with HDL-C among non-Hispanic White (0.2 [0.1]; p < .05) and Hispanic (0.3 (0.1); p < .05) females, compared with males; with SBP for non-Hispanic Asian (1.7 [0.8]; p < .05) and Multiracial (1.8 [0.8]; p < .05), versus White, females; and with DBP for non-Hispanic Black (0.8 [0.3]; p < .01), versus White, males. Conclusions SSS was differentially related to cardiometabolic risk markers by race/ethnicity and sex, suggesting intersectional aspects. Clinical and research applications of SSS should consider race/ethnicity- and sex-specific pathways influencing cardiometabolic risk.

中文翻译：

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美国年轻人种族/民族和性别交叉的主观社会地位和心脏代谢风险标志物

背景 主观社会地位 (SSS) 与心脏代谢风险呈负相关，但种族/民族和性别的交叉性可能表明更微妙的关系。目的 按种族/民族和性别调查 SSS 与心脏代谢风险标志物的关联。方法 数据来自全国青少年至成人健康纵向研究（n = 4,847；24-32 岁）的第四波 (2008)，该研究收集了生物心脏代谢风险标志物。一个 10 步阶梯捕获了 SSS；受访者指出他们认为自己相对于美国其他人所处的步骤 较高的值表示较高的 SSS（范围：1-10）。我们使用广义最小二乘均值线性回归模型测试了 SSS 与个体标记之间的关系，测试了 SSS、种族/民族、和分层前的性别 (p < .10)。结果 SSS-种族/民族-性别相互作用与腰围 (p ≤ .0001)、体重指数 (BMI; p ≤ .0001)、收缩压 (SBP; p ≤ .0001)、舒张压 ( DBP；p = .0004）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C；p = .07）。与男性相比，SSS 与非西班牙裔白人女性的腰围 (β [SE]：-1.2 (0.4)，p < .05) 和 BMI (-0.6 [0.2]，p < .01) 相关；与男性相比，非西班牙裔白人 (0.2 [0.1]；p < .05) 和西班牙裔 (0.3 (0.1)；p < .05) 女性的 HDL-C；非西班牙裔亚裔 (1.7 [0.8]；p < .05) 和多种族 (1.8 [0.8]；p < .05) 与白人女性的 SBP；以及非西班牙裔黑人的 DBP（0.8 [0.3]；p <.01）与白人男性相比。结论 SSS 与不同种族/民族和性别的心脏代谢风险标志物有差异相关性，提示交叉方面。SSS 的临床和研究应用应考虑影响心脏代谢风险的种族/民族和性别特定途径。