This article analyses the first-hand accounts of those involved in the 1742 religious revivals in the Scottish parishes of Cambuslang and Kilsyth, particularly those of the parish ministers William McCulloch and James Robe. Although the events were accompanied by dramatic manifestations, with some participants crying out, violently trembling, or falling to the ground, the key focus of interest was on religious conversion. Supporters of the revival sought to create a religious discourse that dealt with criticisms that events were manifestations of “enthusiasm” and unrestrained “passions.” Their accounts drew not only on Reformation and Puritan idioms and approaches but also those of the moderate Enlightenment in an attempt to demonstrate that the events were factual, reasonable, and conformed to Scripture. In their detailed and careful records, McCulloch and Robe were particularly concerned with evaluating the difference between genuine and spurious religious experience. Their approach was shaped by that of Jonathan Edwards. This research supports the contention that in eighteenth-century Scotland a series of enlightenment religious discourses developed, and these included a distinctive evangelical version. This was, however, contested, being subjected to critique not only by opponents of the revival but also by others in the evangelical community.

中文翻译：

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苏格兰启蒙运动中的“热情”、“激情”和宗教皈依

本文分析了参与 1742 年苏格兰坎布斯朗和基尔赛斯教区宗教复兴的人的第一手资料，特别是教区部长威廉·麦卡洛克和詹姆斯·罗布的资料。尽管这些事件伴随着戏剧性的表现，一些参与者哭喊、剧烈颤抖或倒地，但关注的重点是宗教皈依。复兴的支持者试图创造一种宗教话语来处理批评，即事件是“热情”和无拘无束的“激情”的表现。他们的叙述不仅借鉴了宗教改革和清教徒的习语和方法，而且还借鉴了温和启蒙运动的习语和方法，试图证明这些事件是真实的、合理的，并且符合圣经。在他们详细细致的记录中，McCulloch 和 Robe 特别关注评估真实和虚假宗教体验之间的差异。他们的方法受到乔纳森·爱德华兹的影响。这项研究支持这样一种论点，即在 18 世纪的苏格兰发展了一系列启蒙宗教话语，其中包括一个独特的福音派版本。然而，这是有争议的，不仅受到复兴的反对者的批评，也受到福音派社区其他人的批评。其中包括一个独特的福音派版本。然而，这是有争议的，不仅受到复兴的反对者的批评，也受到福音派社区其他人的批评。其中包括一个独特的福音派版本。然而，这是有争议的，不仅受到复兴的反对者的批评，也受到福音派社区其他人的批评。