Prey preferences of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes),Ecology and Evolution

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Prey preferences of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7633
Cassandra K Bugir ₁ , Thomas M Butynski ₂ , Matt W Hayward _{1,

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Affiliation

The common chimpanzee Pan troglodytes is the closest extant relative of modern humans and is often used as a model organism to help understand prehistoric human behavior and ecology. Originally presumed herbivorous, chimpanzees have been observed hunting 24 species of birds, ungulates, rodents, and other primates, using an array of techniques from tools to group cooperation. Using the literature on chimpanzee hunting behavior and diet from 13 studies, we aimed to determine the prey preferences of chimpanzees. We extracted data on prey-specific variables such as targeted species, their body weight, and their abundance within the prey community, and hunter-specific variables such as hunting method, and chimpanzee group size and sex ratio. We used these data in a generalized linear model to determine what factors drive chimpanzee prey preference. We calculated a Jacobs’ index value for each prey species killed at two sites in Uganda and two sites in Tanzania. Chimpanzees prefer prey with a body weight of 7.6 ± 0.4 kg or less, which corresponds to animals such as juvenile bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and adult ashy red colobus monkeys (Piliocolobus tephrosceles). Sex ratio in chimpanzee groups is a main driver in developing these preferences, where chimpanzees increasingly prefer prey when in proportionally male-dominated groups. Prey preference information from chimpanzee research can assist conservation management programs by identifying key prey species to manage, as well as contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of human hunting behavior.

中文翻译：

黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）的猎物偏好

普通黑猩猩Pan troglodytes是现代人类现存的最近亲，经常被用作模型生物来帮助了解史前人类的行为和生态。黑猩猩最初被认为是草食性动物，人们观察到它们使用从工具到群体合作等一系列技术来捕猎 24 种鸟类、有蹄类动物、啮齿类动物和其他灵长类动物。利用 13 项研究中有关黑猩猩狩猎行为和饮食的文献，我们旨在确定黑猩猩的猎物偏好。我们提取了猎物特定变量的数据，例如目标物种、它们的体重及其在猎物群落中的丰度，以及猎人特定变量的数据，例如狩猎方法、黑猩猩群体规模和性别比例。我们在广义线性模型中使用这些数据来确定哪些因素驱动黑猩猩的猎物偏好。我们计算了乌干达两个地点和坦桑尼亚两个地点被杀死的每种猎物的雅各布斯指数值。黑猩猩更喜欢体重在7.6±0.4公斤或以下的猎物，这相当于幼年羚羊（Tragelaphus scriptus）和成年灰红疣猴（Piliocolobus tephrosceles）等动物。黑猩猩群体中的性别比例是形成这些偏好的主要驱动力，当黑猩猩在雄性占主导地位的群体中越来越喜欢猎物。来自黑猩猩研究的猎物偏好信息可以通过识别要管理的关键猎物物种来协助保护管理计划，并有助于更好地了解人类狩猎行为的进化。

更新日期：2021-06-22

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