Water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions represents a significant obstruction to social and economic development. Also, flood hazards affect the life of many people in these areas. This study aims to develop a new model for integrated management of surface water and groundwater, which involves rainwater harvesting and recharge to groundwater aquifers. Integrated hydrological models, including geographic information system (GIS), watershed modelling system (WMS) and groundwater modelling system (GMS) were used. This research provides an integrated vision for exploiting the rainwater in Wadi Watier, South Sinai, Egypt and shows new insights on how to protect these areas from flood risks and store water to solve the water scarcity in this region. Based on physical properties of sub-basins and soil properties, fourteen dams were suggested and designed to protect the study area from flood risks; five dams were used for storage and nine dams for groundwater recharge. The results showed that the dams could collect about 160.72 million m³ of rainwater which can be stored or recharged into groundwater aquifers. This will increase the national income and provide stability for residents in these areas that suffer from water shortage. Decision-makers can use these models for sustainable flood management in similar areas.

中文翻译：

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地表水和地下水综合管理，以减轻干旱和半干旱地区的洪水风险和水资源短缺

干旱和半干旱地区缺水是社会和经济发展的重大障碍。此外，洪水灾害影响了这些地区许多人的生活。本研究旨在开发一种新的地表水和地下水综合管理模式，包括雨水收集和地下水含水层补给。综合水文模型，包括地理信息系统（GIS）、流域建模系统（WMS）和地下水建模系统（GMS）。这项研究为利用埃及南西奈半岛的 Wadi Watier 的雨水提供了一个综合愿景，并展示了如何保护这些地区免受洪水风险和储存水以解决该地区水资源短缺的新见解。根据子流域的物理性质和土壤性质，建议并设计了十四座水坝，以保护研究区域免受洪水风险；五座大坝用于储存，九座大坝用于地下水补给。结果表明，大坝可收集约16072万立方米³可储存或回灌到地下水含水层的雨水。这将增加国民收入并为这些缺水地区的居民提供稳定。决策者可以将这些模型用于类似地区的可持续洪水管理。