An aberrant neural response to rewards has been linked to both depression and social anxiety. Most studies have focused on the neural response to monetary rewards, and few have tested different modalities of reward (e.g. social) that are more salient to particular forms of psychopathology. In addition, most studies contain critical confounds, including contrasting positive and negative feedback and failing to disentangle being correct from obtaining positive feedback. In the present study, 204 participants underwent electroencephalography during monetary and social feedback tasks that were matched in trial structure, timing and feedback stimuli. The reward positivity (RewP) was measured in response to correctly identifying stimuli that resulted in monetary win, monetary loss, social like or social dislike feedback. All monetary and social tasks elicited a RewP, which were positively correlated. Across all tasks, the RewP was negatively associated with depression and positively associated with social anxiety. The RewP to social dislike feedback, independent of monetary and social like feedback, was also associated with social anxiety. The present study suggests that a domain-general neural response to correct feedback demonstrates a differential association with depression and social anxiety, but a domain-specific neural response to social dislike feedback is uniquely associated with social anxiety.

中文翻译：

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对金钱和社会反馈的神经反应表明与抑郁和社交焦虑的不同关联

对奖励的异常神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑有关。大多数研究都集中在对金钱奖励的神经反应上，很少有人测试对特定形式的精神病理学更为突出的不同奖励方式（例如社会）。此外，大多数研究都包含严重的混淆，包括对比正面和负面反馈，以及未能将正确与获得正面反馈分开。在本研究中，204 名参与者在货币和社会反馈任务期间接受了脑电图检查，这些任务与试验结构、时间和反馈刺激相匹配。奖励积极性 (RewP) 是根据正确识别导致金钱赢、金钱损失、社交喜欢或社交不喜欢反馈的刺激来测量的。所有货币和社会任务都引发了 RewP，它们呈正相关。在所有任务中，RewP 与抑郁呈负相关，与社交焦虑呈正相关。社交厌恶反馈的 RewP，独立于金钱和社交反馈，也与社交焦虑有关。本研究表明，对正确反馈的域一般神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑存在差异关联，但对社交厌恶反馈的特定域神经反应与社交焦虑独特相关。也与社交焦虑有关。本研究表明，对正确反馈的域一般神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑存在差异关联，但对社交厌恶反馈的特定域神经反应与社交焦虑独特相关。也与社交焦虑有关。本研究表明，对正确反馈的域一般神经反应与抑郁和社交焦虑存在差异关联，但对社交厌恶反馈的特定域神经反应与社交焦虑独特相关。