Abstract

Background

The rapid spread of COVID-19 and the time needed to develop a vaccine or definitive treatment for the disease have caused great anxiety in communities, especially in pregnant women whose high levels of distress may have short and/or long-term maternal and fetal consequence. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between anxiety induced by COVID-19 and perceived social support in Iranian pregnant women.

Methods

This online cross-sectional study was conducted on 801 pregnant women from all over Iran in 2020. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the coronavirus disease anxiety scale. A standard multiple linear regression model was used to identify the association between perceived social support and anxiety, controlling for possible confounding variables. Partial r was used as an estimate of effect size.

Results

The mean anxiety score was 10.7 ± 8.0, in which its level was moderate in 122 (15.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.8–17.9%)) of the participants, and severe in 28 (3.4%; 95% CI: 2.3–5.0%) of them. The mean score of perceived social support was 48.2 ± 7.6. 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2–8.8%) and 93.1% (95% CI: 91.2–94.8%) of the participants reported mild and moderate levels of perceived social support, respectively. The results of the multiple linear model showed a significant negative correlation between perceived social support and anxiety levels in a way that for every 10 units increase in the perceived social support score, the anxiety level of pregnant women was decreased by 0.8 units (B= −0.08, t= −2.08, p = 0.037), which was a small effect size (partial r = −0.07).

Conclusion

There was a small significant relationship between the perceived social support and COVID-19 anxiety. Further studies are required to identify associated factors of anxiety level during COVID-19 in pregnant women.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 引起的焦虑与伊朗孕妇感知社会支持之间的关系

摘要

背景

COVID-19 的迅速传播以及开发疫苗或对该疾病的最终治疗所需的时间已在社区中引起了极大的焦虑，尤其是在孕妇中，她们的高度痛苦可能会对母婴造成短期和/或长期的后果. 本研究旨在调查由 COVID-19 引起的焦虑与伊朗孕妇感知到的社会支持之间的关系。

方法

这项在线横断面研究于 2020 年对来自伊朗各地的 801 名孕妇进行。数据是使用人口统计问卷、感知社会支持的多维量表和冠状病毒疾病焦虑量表收集的。使用标准多元线性回归模型来确定感知社会支持和焦虑之间的关联，控制可能的混杂变量。部分r被用作效应大小的估计。

结果

平均焦虑评分为 10.7 ± 8.0，其中 122 人（15.2%；95% 置信区间 (CI)：12.8-17.9%)）为中度，28 人为重度（3.4%；95% CI） : 2.3–5.0%)。感知社会支持的平均得分为 48.2 ± 7.6。6.9%（95% CI：5.2-8.8%）和 93.1%（95% CI：91.2-94.8%）的参与者分别报告了轻度和中度的社会支持。多元线性模型的结果显示，感知社会支持与焦虑水平呈显着负相关，感知社会支持得分每增加 10 个单位，孕妇的焦虑水平降低 0.8 个单位（B = - 0.08，t = -2.08，p  = 0.037），这是一个小的效应大小（部分r = -0.07）。

结论

感知到的社会支持与 COVID-19 焦虑之间存在很小的显着关系。需要进一步的研究来确定孕妇 COVID-19 期间焦虑水平的相关因素。