Background: The use of information and communication technology (ICT) in suicide prevention has progressed rapidly over the past decade. ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention, but research on best and promising practices has been slow. Objective: This paper aims to explore the existing literature on ICT use in suicide prevention to answer the following question: what are the best and most promising ICT practices for suicide prevention? Methods: A scoping search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, and IEEE Xplore. These databases were searched for articles published between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018. The five stages of the scoping review process were as follows: identifying research questions; targeting relevant studies; selecting studies; charting data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. The World Health Organization suicide prevention model was used according to the continuum of universal, selective, and indicated prevention. Results: Of the 3848 studies identified, 115 (2.99%) were selected. Of these, 10 regarded the use of ICT in universal suicide prevention, 53 referred to the use of ICT in selective suicide prevention, and 52 dealt with the use of ICT in indicated suicide prevention. Conclusions: The use of ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention, and many promising programs were identified through this scoping review. However, large-scale evaluation studies are needed to further examine the effectiveness of these programs and strategies. In addition, safety and ethics protocols for ICT-based interventions are recommended.

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中文翻译：

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信息和通信技术在预防自杀中的应用：范围审查

背景：过去十年，信息和通信技术（ICT）在预防自杀方面的应用取得了迅速进展。信息通信技术在预防自杀方面发挥着重要作用，但对最佳和有希望的做法的研究进展缓慢。目的：本文旨在探讨有关信息通信技术在自杀预防中的应用的现有文献，以回答以下问题：预防自杀的最佳和最有前途的信息通信技术实践是什么？方法：使用以下数据库进行范围界定搜索：PubMed、PsycINFO、Sociological Abstracts 和 IEEE Xplore。这些数据库检索了2013年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间发表的文章。范围界定审查过程的五个阶段如下：确定研究问题；针对相关研究；选择研究；绘制数据图表；并对结果进行整理、总结和报告。世界卫生组织的自杀预防模式是根据普遍、选择性和针对性预防的连续统一体使用的。结果：在确定的 3848 项研究中，选择了 115 项（2.99%）。其中，10 个涉及 ICT 在普遍自杀预防中的使用，53 个涉及 ICT 在选择性自杀预防中的使用，52 个涉及 ICT 在针对性自杀预防中的使用。结论：信息通信技术的使用在预防自杀方面发挥着重要作用，通过本次范围界定审查确定了许多有前途的计划。然而，需要进行大规模的评估研究来进一步检验这些计划和策略的有效性。此外，还建议制定基于信息通信技术的干预措施的安全和道德协议。

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