To clarify the characteristics and distribution of hospital environmental microbiome associated with confirmed COVID-19 patients. Environmental samples with varying degrees of contamination which were associated with confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected, including 13 aerosol samples collected near eight patients in different wards, five swabs from one patient’s skin and his personal belongings, and two swabs from the surface of positive pressure respiratory protective hood and the face shield from a physician who had close contact with one patient. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was used to analyze the composition of the microbiome. One of the aerosol samples (near patient 4) was detected positive for COVID-19, and others were all negative. The environmental samples collected in different wards possessed protean compositions and community structures, the dominant genera including Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Cutibacterium. Top 10 of genera accounted for more than 76.72%. Genera abundance and proportion of human microbes and pathogens radiated outward from the patient, while the percentage of environmental microbes increased. The abundance of the pathogenic microorganism of medical supplies is significantly higher than other surface samples. The microbial compositions of the aerosol collected samples nearby the patients were mostly similar to those from the surfaces of the patient's skin and personal belongings, but the abundance varied greatly. The positive rate of COVID-19 RNA detected from aerosol around patients in general wards was quite low. The ward environment was predominantly inhabited by species closely related to admitted patients. The spread of hospital microorganisms via aerosol was influenced by the patients’ activity.

阐明与确诊 COVID-19 患者相关的医院环境微生物组的特征和分布。收集了与确诊的 COVID-19 患者相关的不同污染程度的环境样本，包括在不同病房的 8 名患者附近收集的 13 份气溶胶样本，1 名患者皮肤及其个人物品的 5 份拭子，以及阳性表面的 2 份拭子与一名患者有密切接触的医生提供的压力呼吸防护罩和面罩。宏基因组下一代测序 (mNGS) 用于分析微生物组的组成。其中一个气溶胶样本（患者 4 附近）被检测出 COVID-19 呈阳性，其他样本均为阴性。假单胞菌属、棒状杆菌属、奈瑟菌属、葡萄球菌属、不动杆菌属和角质杆菌属. 属前10名占76.72%以上。从患者向外辐射的人类微生物和病原体的属丰度和比例，而环境微生物的比例增加。医疗用品的病原微生物丰度明显高于其他表面样品。在患者附近采集的气溶胶样本的微生物组成与患者皮肤和个人物品表面的微生物组成大多相似，但丰度差异很大。普通病房患者周围气溶胶中检测到COVID-19 RNA的阳性率很低。病房环境主要居住在与入院患者密切相关的物种中。医院微生物通过气溶胶传播受到患者活动的影响。