The cloud liquid/ice water path (LWP/IWP) can provide valuable information about the cloud and precipitation. For the first time, the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) system is applied to examine the impact of the high spatial and temporal resolution LWP and IWP products derived from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on the new generation geostationary environmental satellites (GOES‐R series) in numerical weather prediction (NWP). To extend the GSI's capability to assimilate LWP and IWP products, a pair of new observation operators of LWP and IWP is developed to avoid the requirement for hydrometeor control variables. The new observation operators enable the direct use of hydrometeor background information from the NWP model and allow the vertical propagation of the water vapor increment according to the Jacobian distributions for the new LWP and IWP operators. The new LWP and IWP observation operators are evaluated by the single observation tests and the cycling assimilation and forecast experiments of Hurricane Irma (2017) and Hurricane Maria (2017). The results from single observation tests show that the assimilations of pseudo‐LWP and pseudo‐IWP can achieve positive water vapor increments, which also spread vertically according to the Jacobian distributions. The impact studies on two hurricanes demonstrate that the ABI LWP and IWP measurements can be successfully assimilated into the NWP model by the new observation operators, which enhances the water vapor analysis and further improves other atmospheric state variables in the forecast fields. The improved environmental fields lead to the overall forecast improvement for the two hurricanes, with the most notable track improvement.

中文翻译：

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来自ABI的云液/冰水路径的新观测算子及其对同化和飓风预报的影响

云的液体/冰水路径（LWP / IWP）可以提供有关云和降水的有价值的信息。网格点统计插值（GSI）系统首次用于检查源自高级基线成像仪（ABI）的高时空分辨率LWP和IWP产品对新一代地球静止环境卫星（GOES-R）的影响系列（NWP）。为了扩展GSI吸收LWP和IWP产品的能力，开发了一对新的LWP和IWP观测算子，以避免对水凝物控制变量的需求。新的观测算子可以直接使用NWP模型中的水凝物背景信息，并允许根据新的LWP和IWP算子的Jacobian分布来垂直传播​​水汽增量。新的LWP和IWP观测算子通过单次观测测试以及飓风艾玛（2017）和玛丽亚飓风（2017）的循环同化和预报实验进行了评估。单次观测测试的结果表明，伪LWP和伪IWP的同化可以实现正的水蒸气增量，并根据雅可比分布垂直分布。对两种飓风的影响研究表明，新的观测算子可以成功地将ABI LWP和IWP的测量值同化为NWP模型，这增强了水蒸气分析，并进一步改善了预报领域中的其他大气状态变量。改善的环境领域导致对这两个飓风的总体预报有所改善，最明显的是轨道改善。