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Incentivising and retaining public servants in remote areas: A discrete choice experiment with agricultural extension agents in Ethiopia
Journal of Agricultural Economics ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 , DOI: 10.1111/1477-9552.12432
Mekdim D. Regassa 1, 2 , Gashaw T. Abate 3 , Zaneta Kubik 1
Affiliation  

Increased deployment of agricultural extension agents (EAs) in rural areas is recommended to spur agricultural productivity and mitigate spatial imbalances in welfare. However, high turnover and low motivation levels of EAs in remote areas pose challenges for equitable service provision and, in some cases, exacerbate geographical welfare disparities. We assess the effectiveness of selected potential policy interventions to incentivise and retain EAs in remote areas of Ethiopia. To this end, we conducted a choice experiment to elicit the preferences of 761 EAs for job attributes. We apply a random parameters logit model to estimate parameters of interest and to simulate the impact of possible policy interventions. Our results show that offering education opportunities is by far the most powerful instrument to attract and retain EAs. It increases uptake of the extension job in remote locations by 77 percentage points, which is significantly higher than the effect from doubling current salary levels. EAs also expressed a strong preference for work environments with basic amenities, housing, transportation services, and well-equipped Farmer Training Centres (FTCs). Furthermore, the results from sub-sample analyses show that female EAs are less responsive to pecuniary incentives and are more concerned with the availability of infrastructure and amenities. Current salary levels, years of employment, and location of work are also important sources of heterogeneity in the response of EAs to potential policy changes.

中文翻译:

激励和留住偏远地区的公务员:埃塞俄比亚农业推广代理的离散选择试验

建议在农村地区增加农业推广代理 (EA) 的部署,以提高农业生产力并缓解福利空间失衡。然而,偏远地区就业机构的高流动率和低积极性给公平的服务提供带来了挑战,并且在某些情况下,加剧了地域福利差距。我们评估了选定的潜在政策干预措施的有效性,以激励和保留埃塞俄比亚偏远地区的 EA。为此,我们进行了一项选择实验,以引出 761 个 EA 对工作属性的偏好。我们应用随机参数 logit 模型来估计感兴趣的参数并模拟可能的政策干预的影响。我们的结果表明,提供教育机会是迄今为止吸引和留住 EA 的最有力工具。它使偏远地区的扩展工作的接受度提高了 77 个百分点,这显着高于将当前工资水平翻倍的效果。EA 还表达了对具有基本设施、住房、交通服务和设备齐全的农民培训中心 (FTC) 的工作环境的强烈偏好。此外,子样本分析的结果表明,女性 EA 对金钱激励的反应较弱,更关心基础设施和便利设施的可用性。当前的工资水平、就业年限和工作地点也是 EA 对潜在政策变化做出反应的异质性的重要来源。EA 还表达了对具有基本设施、住房、交通服务和设备齐全的农民培训中心 (FTC) 的工作环境的强烈偏好。此外,子样本分析的结果表明,女性 EA 对金钱激励的反应较弱,更关心基础设施和便利设施的可用性。当前的工资水平、就业年限和工作地点也是 EA 对潜在政策变化做出反应的异质性的重要来源。EA 还表达了对具有基本设施、住房、交通服务和设备齐全的农民培训中心 (FTC) 的工作环境的强烈偏好。此外,子样本分析的结果表明,女性 EA 对金钱激励的反应较弱,而更关心基础设施和便利设施的可用性。当前的工资水平、就业年限和工作地点也是 EA 对潜在政策变化做出反应的异质性的重要来源。子样本分析的结果表明,女性 EA 对金钱激励的反应较弱,而更关心基础设施和便利设施的可用性。当前的工资水平、就业年限和工作地点也是 EA 对潜在政策变化做出反应的异质性的重要来源。子样本分析的结果表明,女性 EA 对金钱激励的反应较弱,而更关心基础设施和便利设施的可用性。当前的工资水平、就业年限和工作地点也是 EA 对潜在政策变化做出反应的异质性的重要来源。
更新日期:2021-05-04
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