ABSTRACT

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a particular coronavirus strain responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), accounting for more than 3.1 million deaths worldwide. Several health-related strategies have been successfully developed to contain the rapidly-spreading virus across the globe, toward reduction of both disease burden and infection rates. Particularly, attention has been focused on either the development of novel drugs and vaccines, or by adapting already-existing drugs for COVID-19 treatment, mobilizing huge efforts to block disease progression and to overcome the shortage of effective measures available at this point.

Areas covered: This perspective covers the breakthrough of multifunctional biomimetic cell membrane-based nanoparticles as next-generation nanosystems for cutting-edge COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccination, specifically cell membrane-derived nanovesicles and cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, both tailorable cell membrane-based nanosystems enriched with the surface repertoire of native cell membranes, toward maximized biointerfacing, immune evasion, cell targeting and cell-mimicking properties.

Expert opinion: Nano-based approaches have received widespread interest regarding enhanced antigen delivery, prolonged blood circulation half-life and controlled release of drugs. Cell membrane-based nanoparticles comprise interesting antiviral multifunctional nanoplatforms for blocking SARS-CoV-2 binding to host cells, reducing inflammation through cytokine neutralization and improving drug delivery toward COVID-19 treatment.

摘要

简介：严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 是一种导致 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的特殊冠状病毒株，导致全球超过 310 万人死亡。已经成功制定了一些与健康相关的策略来遏制这种在全球范围内迅速传播的病毒，从而减少疾病负担和感染率。特别是，人们的注意力集中在新药和疫苗的开发上，或者通过调整现有药物来治疗COVID-19，动员巨大的努力来阻止疾病的进展并克服目前可用的有效措施的短缺。

涵盖领域：这一观点涵盖了基于多功能仿生细胞膜的纳米颗粒作为用于尖端 COVID-19 治疗和疫苗接种的下一代纳米系统的突破，特别是细胞膜衍生的纳米囊泡和细胞膜涂覆的纳米颗粒，两者都是可定制的细胞膜-基于纳米系统，富含天然细胞膜的表面特性，以最大限度地提高生物界面、免疫逃避、细胞靶向和细胞模拟特性。

专家意见：基于纳米的方法在增强抗原递送、延长血液循环半衰期和药物控制释放方面引起了广泛的兴趣。基于细胞膜的纳米颗粒包含有趣的抗病毒多功能纳米平台，可阻断 SARS-CoV-2 与宿主细胞的结合，通过细胞因子中和减少炎症，并改善 COVID-19 治疗的药物输送。