Can new herbicide discovery allow weed management to outpace resistance evolution?,Pest Management Science

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Can new herbicide discovery allow weed management to outpace resistance evolution?
Pest Management Science ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 , DOI: 10.1002/ps.6457
Todd A. Gaines ₁ , Roberto Busi ₂ , Anita Küpper ₃

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While herbicides are the most effective and widely adopted weed management approach, the evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in damaging weed species threatens the yield and profitability of many crops. Weeds accumulate multiple resistance mechanisms through sequential selection and/or gene flow, with long-range and international transport of herbicide-resistant weeds proving to be a serious issue. Metabolic resistance mechanisms can confer resistance across multiple sites of action and even to herbicides not yet discovered. When a new site of action herbicide is introduced to control a key driver weed, it likely will be one of very few effective available herbicide options for that weed in a specific crop due to the continuous use of herbicides over the years and the resulting accumulation of resistance mechanisms, placing it at even higher risk to be rapidly lost to resistance due to the high selection pressure it will experience. The number of available, effective herbicides for certain driver weeds is decreasing over time because the rate of resistance evolution is faster than the rate of new herbicide discovery. Effective monitoring for species movement and diagnostics for resistance should be deployed to rapidly identify emerging resistance to any new site of action. While innovation in herbicide discovery is urgently needed to combat the pressing issue of resistance in weeds, the rate of selection for herbicide resistance in weeds must be slowed through changes in the patterns of how herbicides are used. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

新的除草剂发现能否让杂草管理超越抗性进化？

虽然除草剂是最有效和最广泛采用的杂草管理方法，但破坏性杂草物种的多种除草剂抗性的演变威胁着许多作物的产量和盈利能力。杂草通过顺序选择和/或基因流动积累了多种抗性机制，事实证明，抗除草剂杂草的远距离和国际运输是一个严重的问题。代谢抗性机制可以赋予多个作用位点的抗性，甚至对尚未发现的除草剂产生抗性。当引入一种新的作用位点除草剂来控制一种关键的驱动杂草时，由于多年来持续使用除草剂以及由此产生的除草剂积累，它很可能是针对特定作物中该杂草的极少数有效的可用除草剂选择之一。抵抗机制，由于它将经历的高选择压力，它面临更高的风险，很快就会被抵抗。可用于某些驱动杂草的有效除草剂的数量随着时间的推移而减少，因为抗性进化的速度快于新除草剂发现的速度。应部署对物种移动的有效监测和抗药性诊断，以快速识别对任何新行动地点的新出现的抗药性。虽然迫切需要在除草剂发现方面进行创新以解决紧迫的杂草抗性问题，但必须通过改变除草剂的使用方式来减缓杂草中除草剂抗性的选择速度。© 2021 化学工业协会。© 2021 化学工业协会。

更新日期：2021-06-10

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