To assess whether grafting could improve the nitrogen (N) efficiency of potato cultivars and to determine which physiological and morphological characteristics are predominantly contributing to N efficiency, a hydroponic experiment was conducted. Two contrasting potato cultivars (Agria: N‑efficient and Van Gogh: N‑inefficient) were grafted reciprocally onto each other. Grafted and non-grafted control plants were grown in a growth chamber for 42 days in 8 L pots filled with continuously aerated nutrient solution under two N rates (Low-N : 0.5 mM N and High-N : 3.0 mM N) by using a deep water culture (DWC) technique. The shoot and root fresh (FW) and dry (DW) weights, main stem length, number of leaves, total leaf area, photosynthetic activity of leaves, shoot and root N concentration, total N uptake, total root length and root volume of potato plants were significantly increased with increased N rate. The grafted plants produced significantly higher above ground biomass than non-grafted ones, indicating that N efficiency was significantly improved by the reciprocally grafting under low and high N rates. Non-grafted cv. Agria showed higher numbers of shoot and root FW and DW, total leaf area, intensity of photosynthesis net measurements, compared to non-grafted cv. Van Gogh under both N rates. In reciprocal grafting, the growth performance of cv. Agria slightly increased when it was grafted onto cv. Van Gogh, whereas a significant increase in crop growth performance was recorded when cv. Van Gogh was grafted onto cv. Agria. The N efficiency of non-grafted cv. Agria was closely associated with its vigorous root growth and active root system under both N conditions. Same root morphological characteristic could not be exhibited by the N‑inefficient cv. Van Gogh. Our study suggested that root morphological characteristics are contributing more than shoot characteristics to N efficiency of potatoes. These traits could be useful characters to breed/select N‑efficient potato rootstocks for sustainable agriculture in the future.

为了评估嫁接是否可以提高马铃薯品种的氮效率，并确定哪些生理和形态特征对氮效率起主要作用，进行了水培试验。两种相互对立的马铃薯品种（Agria：N效率和Van Gogh：N效率）相互移植。嫁接的和非嫁接的对照植物在生长室中在装有连续充气营养液的8 L盆中以2 N的比率（低氮：0.5 mM N和高氮：3.0 mM N）在生长室中生长42天。深水养殖（DWC）技术。茎和根的鲜重（FW）和干重（DW）的重量，主茎长度，叶片数，叶总面积，叶片的光合活性，茎和根的氮浓度，总氮的吸收，随着氮素含量的增加，马铃薯植株的总根长和根体积显着增加。嫁接的植物比非嫁接的植物产生的地上生物量要高得多，这表明通过在低氮和高氮比率下相互进行嫁接，氮效率得到了显着提高。非嫁接简历 与未移植的简历相比，阿格里亚（Agria）的枝条和根的FW和DW，总叶面积，光合作用网的测量强度更高。梵高在两个N利率下。在相互嫁接中，cv的生长表现。当将其嫁接到简历上时，Agria略有增加。梵高（Van Gogh），而简历显示农作物生长表现显着提高。梵高被嫁接到简历上。阿格里亚 非嫁接简历的氮效率。在两种氮条件下，Agria均与旺盛的根系生长和活跃的根系密切相关。N效率差的简历无法表现出相同的根系形态特征。梵高 我们的研究表明，根系形态特征对马铃薯氮效率的影响远大于苗期特征。这些性状可能是将来培育/选择氮高效马铃薯砧木以实现可持续农业的有用特征。