Track twists used in modern railways indicate the warpage of a particular track plane to identify track quality. In some cases, a twist is intentionally introduced on tracks to facilitate motions in curves. Nevertheless, twists can exceed above certain thresholds resulting in twist faults, which impose direct risk to safety and a potential cause for derailments. Twist faults are commonly observed in ballasted tracks, which consists of crushed rock particles and have low endurance to resist against dynamic track forces. In general, the deterioration in ballast structure progresses slowly. However, in reality, there are some catalysts such as extreme events that can speed up the deterioration of the ballast bed. Extreme events have rare occurrences but a high potential to damage structures and environment in a short duration. Even though the term ‘rare’ is still used to define extreme events, a consensus among the environmental scientists on the increased frequency of extreme events could be found in open literatures. In this study, the impacts of flooding, one of the most common extreme events, on the dynamic phenomena of a turnout structure is investigated in terms of dynamic twists. The emphasis is placed on railway turnouts of which the asymmetrical structure is expected to amplify twist responses. A 3-dimensional finite element method (FEM) model has been developed and many hypothetical scenarios ranging from various materials to vehicle speeds have been tested in virtual environments. It should be noted that the developed model is the modified version of a previously validated model and therefore, validation of the model is done by a comparison with the parent model. This study is the world's first to demonstrate that the dynamic performance of composite and plastic bearers is relatively poor in comparison to concrete bearers when considering dynamic twist phenomena. Our new results also exhibit that partially damaged turnout structures in the case of flooding is the most critical and vulnerable situation, which could result in detrimental train derailments. This vulnerability cannot practically be inspected by naked and untrained eyes. On this ground, when exposed to flooding conditions, it is recommended to halt any railway operations over vulnerable switches and crossings, and to avoid the approach of ‘reach the station first’ in emergency cases.

现代铁路中使用的轨道扭曲指示特定轨道平面的翘曲，以识别轨道质量。在某些情况下，有意在轨道上引入扭曲，以利于曲线运动。但是，扭曲可能会超过某些阈值，从而导致扭曲故障，从而给安全性带来直接风险，并可能导致脱轨。通常在压载道中观察到扭曲断层，该道理道由压碎的岩石颗粒组成，并且具有低的抵抗力来抵抗动态的道道力。通常，镇流器结构的恶化进展缓慢。但是，实际上，某些事件（例如极端事件）可以加速道ast床的老化。极端事件很少发生，但在短期内极有可能破坏建筑物和环境。即使仍然使用“稀有”一词来定义极端事件，但环境科学家之间对极端事件发生频率增加的共识仍可在开放文献中找到。在这项研究中，洪水泛滥是一种最常见的极端事件，它是根据动态扭曲对道岔结构的动力学现象产生的影响进行研究的。重点放在铁路道岔上，预计其不对称结构会放大扭转响应。已经开发了3维有限元方法（FEM）模型，并且已经在虚拟环境中测试了从各种材料到车辆速度的许多假设情景。应该注意的是，开发的模型是先前验证模型的修改版本，因此，通过与父模型进行比较来完成模型的验证。这项研究是世界上第一个证明复合材料和塑料载体的动态性能与混凝土载体相比在考虑动态扭曲现象时相对较差的研究。我们的新结果还表明，在洪水中发生局部损坏的道岔结构是最关键和最脆弱的情况，这可能导致有害的火车出轨。肉眼和未经训练的眼睛几乎无法检测到此漏洞。因此，建议在遭受洪水侵袭的情况下，停止任何在脆弱的道岔和交叉口上的铁路运营，并避免在紧急情况下“先到达车站”的做法。我们首先证明，在考虑动态扭曲现象时，复合材料和塑料载体的动态性能与混凝土载体相比是相对较差的。我们的新结果还表明，在洪水中发生局部损坏的道岔结构是最关键和最脆弱的情况，这可能导致有害的火车出轨。肉眼和未经训练的眼睛几乎无法检测到此漏洞。因此，建议在遭受洪水侵袭的情况下，停止任何在脆弱的道岔和交叉口上的铁路运营，并避免在紧急情况下“先到达车站”的做法。我们首先证明，在考虑动态扭曲现象时，复合材料和塑料载体的动态性能与混凝土载体相比是相对较差的。我们的新结果还表明，在洪水中发生局部损坏的道岔结构是最关键和最脆弱的情况，这可能导致有害的火车出轨。肉眼和未经训练的眼睛几乎无法检测到此漏洞。因此，建议在遭受洪水侵袭的情况下，停止任何在脆弱的道岔和交叉口上的铁路运营，并避免在紧急情况下“先到达车站”的做法。我们的新结果还表明，在洪水中发生局部损坏的道岔结构是最关键和最脆弱的情况，这可能导致有害的火车出轨。肉眼和未经训练的眼睛几乎无法检测到此漏洞。因此，建议在遭受洪水侵袭的情况下，停止任何在脆弱的道岔和交叉口上的铁路运营，并避免在紧急情况下“先到达车站”的做法。我们的新结果还表明，在洪水中发生局部损坏的道岔结构是最关键和最脆弱的情况，这可能导致有害的火车出轨。肉眼和未经训练的眼睛几乎无法检测到此漏洞。因此，建议在遭受洪水侵袭的情况下，停止任何在脆弱的道岔和交叉口上的铁路运营，并避免在紧急情况下“先到达车站”的做法。