Based on the thermal theory of Newtonian mechanics, the pressure difference in the macro channels will drive the gas flow until the pressure difference inside is zero. However, the 12-year vacuum packaging experiments in our laboratory showed that when the macroscopic channel is reduced to a critical size and reaches the nanometer level, the gas flow inside the channel is hindered, that is, the differential pressure cannot become zero. To explain this paradoxical phenomenon, this study analyzes the flow of air molecules in the channel by using the De Broglie’s matter waves and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Based on the law of quantum mechanics, when the diameter of the nanochannel is reduced to a certain size, it has a localized high pressure in the channel, which impedes the gas flow. This article introduces quantum mechanics into nanochannel’s gas fluid dynamics for the first time, expanding the new direction of fluid mechanics. Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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纳米通道中气流的量子效应

根据牛顿力学的热学原理，宏通道中的压差将驱动气流，直到内部的压差为零。但是，我们实验室进行的为期12年的真空包装实验表明，当宏观通道减小到临界尺寸并达到纳米级时，通道内部的气流会受到阻碍，即压差不能为零。为了解释这种自相矛盾的现象，本研究使用De Broglie的物质波和Heisenberg的不确定性原理分析了通道中空气分子的流动。根据量子力学定律，当纳米通道的直径减小到一定大小时，它在通道中具有局部高压，从而阻碍了气体流动。本文首次将量子力学引入到纳米通道的气体流体动力学中，拓展了流体力学的新方向。图形概要