In this study, we consider a multi-cell millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with a mixed analog-to-digital converter (mixed-ADC) and hybrid beamforming architecture, in which antenna selection is applied to achieve intelligent assignment of high- and low-resolution ADCs. Both exact and approximate closed-form expressions for the uplink achievable rate are derived in the case of maximum-ratio combining reception. The impacts on the achievable rate of user transmit power, number of radio frequency chains at a base station, ratio of high-resolution ADCs, number of propagation paths, and number of quantization bits are analyzed. It is shown that the user transmit power can be scaled down inversely proportional to the number of antennas at the base station. We propose an efficient power allocation scheme by solving a complementary geometric programming problem. In addition, the energy efficiency is investigated, and an optimal tradeoff between the achievable rate and power consumption is discussed. Our results will provide a useful reference for the study of mixed-ADC multi-cell mmWave massive MIMO systems with antenna selection.

在这项研究中，我们考虑具有混合模数转换器（mixed-ADC）和混合波束成形架构的多小区毫米波（mmWave）大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统，其中天线选择用于实现高分辨率和低分辨率ADC的智能分配。在最大比率组合接收的情况下，可以导出针对上行链路可达到速率的精确和近似封闭式表达式。分析了对可实现的用户发射功率速率，基站上的射频链数量，高分辨率ADC的比例，传播路径数量以及量化位数的影响。示出了用户发射功率可以与基站处的天线数量成反比例地缩小。通过解决互补几何规划问题，我们提出了一种有效的功率分配方案。此外，还研究了能源效率，并讨论了可达到的速率与功耗之间的最佳折衷。我们的结果将为研究带有天线选择的混合ADC多单元mmWave大规模MIMO系统提供有用的参考。