South American camelids (SAC) have occupied a central role in the development of Andean societies. They are widely distributed in South America and since ancient times are an important factor in Andean economies and social and ritual life. The archaeological site Punta de Peña 4 (PP4) is located in Antofagasta de la Sierra Basin (Southern Puna of Argentina). PP4 is a rock overhang and presents a large occupational sequence (early Holocene until historic times). The aim of this contribution is to study parasite diversity and the relationship among parasites and SAC through holocenic times in the Southern Puna of Argentina. Besides, differences in parasite egg preservation in the site were discussed. A total of 65 coprolites assigned to SAC were rehydratated, homogenized, filtered, allowed to spontaneous sedimentation and examined for parasite remains. Given the morphology of the coprolites, the biogeographic origin and the presence of coccidian oocysts of Eimeria macusaniensis in some of them, a camelid origin of the coprolites is suggested. This is the first paleoparasitological study from PP4, an archaeological site of Antofagasta de la Sierra, a key region in northwestern Argentina and Central Andes. Eleven taxa of parasites were found belonging to Apicomplexa, Platyhelminthes, and Nematoda. Specific parasite species of SAC were found, such as E. macusaniensis and Lamanema chavezi/Nematodirus lamae. A remarkable finding was the presence of Moniezia sp. and Strongyloides sp. in coprolites from different levels of PP4, pointing out the presence of these genera in native artiodactyls of the region previous to the arrival of Hispanic societies. Results displayed a change in the number of parasite taxa present in SAC through time. The parasite-SAC relation through time and differences in parasite egg preservation between levels and sectors (covered and uncovered) of the site are discussed.

南美骆驼（SAC）在安第斯社会的发展中起着核心作用。它们在南美广泛分布，并且自古以来就是安第斯经济，社会和礼仪生活的重要因素。Punta dePeña4（PP4）考古遗址位于阿根廷南部普那的安托法加斯塔德拉塞拉盆地。PP4是一个岩石悬挑物，具有较大的职业序列（直到历史时期才是全新世）。该贡献的目的是通过阿根廷南部普纳的全新世时期研究寄生虫的多样性以及寄生虫与SAC之间的关系。此外，还讨论了该地点寄生虫卵保存的差异。将总共​​分配给SAC的65种共质子再水化，均质化，过滤，允许自发沉淀并检查是否有寄生虫残留。考虑到coprolites的形态，生物地理起源和球虫卵囊的存在其中有些人暗示了马桑艾美尔球虫（Eimeria macusaniensis），也就是共prolites的骆驼科起源。这是来自PP4的第一个古地理学研究，PP4是位于阿根廷西北部和安第斯中部的重要地区的安托法加斯塔德拉塞拉的考古遗址。发现有11种寄生虫类群，属于蚜虫，侧柏和线虫。发现了SAC的特定寄生虫物种，例如马萨诸塞大肠杆菌（E. macusaniensis）和Lamanema chavezi / Nematodirus lamae。一个了不起的发现是莫妮娅菌种的存在。和类圆线虫sp。来自不同水平的PP4的共prolites中指出，这些属在拉美裔社会到来之前就存在于该地区的天然关节基动物中。结果显示，随着时间的流逝，SAC中存在的寄生虫类群数量发生了变化。讨论了随时间变化的寄生虫与SAC的关系以及该地点的水平和区域（被覆盖和未被覆盖）之间寄生虫卵保存的差异。