Potassium (K⁺) deficiency significantly reduces crop yield and nutritional quality in many arable lands worldwide. As a non-essential element in plants, Na⁺ is effective in alleviating the toxic effects of salinity under low K⁺ concentrations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of NaCl in modifying the response of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) to K⁺ deficiency at high concentrations and the effects of K⁺ deficiency on shoot growth, mineral assimilation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the presence of gradually increasing NaCl concentrations. Forty-seven-day-old Swiss chard seedlings were treated by individual K⁺-deficient conditions and combined conditions of K⁺ deficiency and salinity for 9 days. The results showed that both the shoot fresh and dry weights of the Swiss chard seedlings were markedly reduced when grown in the solely K⁺-deficient conditions, but the addition of NaCl significantly ameliorated the K⁺ deficiency–induced reductions in the shoot growth. NaCl also significantly enhanced the total phosphorus and PO₄³⁻ concentrations in the leaves. Moreover, NaCl addition to the K⁺-deficient plants protected the cell membrane integrity instead of damaging the cell membranes. NaCl addition to Swiss chard seedlings grown in K^+-deficient conditions has the potential to minimize K⁺ deficiency–induced damage and maintain the growth of the plants to levels comparable with control conditions.

钾（K ⁺）缺乏严重降低了全球许多耕地的农作物产量和营养质量。Na ⁺作为植物中的非必需元素，可有效缓解低K ⁺浓度下盐度的毒性作用。本研究的目的是评估在修改瑞士甜菜的响应（氯化钠的作用甜菜L.）至K ⁺高浓度不足和K的影响⁺缺乏对枝条生长，矿物同化，脂质过氧化，并且在逐渐增加NaCl浓度的情况下，抗氧化酶的活性。用K ⁺处理了47天的瑞士甜菜幼苗-缺乏条件以及K ⁺缺乏和盐碱化的综合条件，持续9天。结果表明，仅在缺乏K ⁺的条件下生长时，瑞士甜菜幼苗的苗鲜重和干重均显着降低，但添加NaCl可以显着改善K ⁺缺乏引起的枝条生长减少。NaCl还可以显着提高叶片中的总磷和PO ₄ ^3-浓度。此外，添加NaCl到第K ⁺缺陷型植物保护的，而不是破坏细胞膜的细胞膜的完整性。在K ^+-中生长的瑞士甜菜幼苗中加入NaCl不足的条件有可能将K ⁺缺乏引起的损害降到最低，并使植物的生长保持在与对照条件相当的水平。