This paper proposes a sparsity adaptive matching pursuit and spectrum line interpolation (SAMP-SLI) method for measuring the radial and axial error motions of spindle rotation of machine tool. The method measures the displacements from the outside surface of a custom-fabricated cylindrical precision artifact using capacitive displacement sensors. The measured error motions are reconstructed with sparse spectrum lines in the frequency domain by SAMP algorithm. The frequencies, amplitudes, and initial phases of these sparse spectrum lines are corrected using the spectrum line interpolation algorithm to reduce the effect of the spectral leakage and picket fence. Then, the relevant error motions of spindle rotation are separated from these corrected sparse spectra. A simulation is conducted to compare the calculation performance of the proposed method and the existing methods, the results of which shows that the proposed method has higher accuracy in decomposition of error motions. The method is then applied to the measurements of spindle of a numerical control (NC) vertical machining center. The measurement results of the proposed method are compared with that of the API spindle measurement system, which shows that the proposed method has obviously higher accuracy in spindle speed identification. Finally, the measurement uncertainty of the proposed method is analyzed.

本文提出了一种用于测量机床主轴旋转径向和轴向误差运动的稀疏自适应匹配追踪谱线插值法(SAMP-SLI)。该方法使用电容位移传感器测量定制制造的圆柱形精密工件的外表面的位移。通过SAMP算法在频域中用稀疏谱线重构测量的误差运动。这些稀疏谱线的频率、幅度和初始相位使用谱线插值算法进行校正，以减少谱泄​​漏和栅栏的影响。然后，从这些校正后的稀疏谱中分离出主轴旋转的相关误差运动。仿真比较了所提方法与现有方法的计算性能，结果表明所提方法在误差运动分解方面具有较高的精度。然后将该方法应用于数控（NC）立式加工中心的主轴测量。将该方法的测量结果与API主轴测量系统的测量结果进行对比，表明该方法在主轴转速识别中具有明显更高的精度。最后，对所提方法的测量不确定度进行了分析。然后将该方法应用于数控（NC）立式加工中心的主轴测量。将该方法的测量结果与API主轴测量系统的测量结果进行对比，表明该方法在主轴转速识别中具有明显更高的精度。最后，对所提方法的测量不确定度进行了分析。然后将该方法应用于数控（NC）立式加工中心的主轴测量。将该方法的测量结果与API主轴测量系统的测量结果进行对比，表明该方法在主轴转速识别中具有明显更高的精度。最后，对所提方法的测量不确定度进行了分析。