Bryophytes and lichens are two main components of the forest floor vegetation. They provide essential ecosystem services, including nutrient recycling and water regulation. Here, we contrast the species richness, cover and community composition of forest floor bryophytes and lichens in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominated production forests. The study sites were located in the hemiboreal zone of southern Sweden, and represented early-, mid- and late rotation stands. Our aim was to examine the potential consequences for forest floor biodiversity from the decreasing use of Scots pine production forests in this region.

Whereas Scots pine and Norway spruce stands did not differ in bryophyte cover, we found a higher cover of lichens in Scots pine stands, and highest in the intermediate aged stands. Also the species richness of lichens was higher in the Scots pine stands, while bryophyte species richness was higher in the Norway spruce stands. Differences in canopy cover and associated light transmittance to the forest floor appears to be important drivers for distinctive different forest floor communities in the Scots pine and Norway spruce stands, as revealed by Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). Mean Ellenberg indicator values for bryophytes and lichens showed that species associated with Scots pine stands were characterized by their tolerance of brighter conditions, higher insolation, and better adaptation to a continental climate. Norway spruce stands instead had a comparably larger proportion of species tolerating lower light, but also indicators of higher available nutrient levels, humidity, and pH. The outcome of the Ellenberg indicator species analysis, as well as the larger cover of lichens,and adaptations to drought found among some mosses, revealed that forest floor communities are shaped by different environmental factors in Scots pine and Norway spruce production stands. These environmental differences, and the quantified shifts in forest floor communities identified in this study, indicate the large shifts in understory bryophyte and lichen species composition and abundance that is likely to occur if Scots pine stands are converted to Norway spruce.

苔藓植物和地衣是森林地表植被的两个主要组成部分。它们提供必要的生态系统服务，包括营养物质回收和水调节。在这里，我们对比了以樟子松（Pinus sylvestris）和挪威云杉（Picea abies）为主的生产林的地表苔藓植物和地衣的物种丰富度，覆盖度和群落组成。研究地点位于瑞典南部的半波带，代表了早期，中期和后期的旋转林分。我们的目的是研究该地区越来越少使用的樟子松生产林对森林地表生物多样性的潜在影响。

苏格兰松树和挪威云杉林的苔藓植物覆盖率没有差异，但我们发现苏格兰松树林分中的地衣覆盖率较高，而中龄林中的苔藓覆盖率最高。在苏格兰松树中，地衣的物种丰富度较高，而在挪威云杉林中，苔藓植物的物种丰富度较高。非度量多维比例尺（NMDS）揭示，冠层覆盖率的差异以及相关的对森林地面的透光率似乎是导致苏格兰松树和挪威云杉林中独特的不同森林地面群落的重要驱动力。苔藓植物和地衣的平均Ellenberg指标值表明，与苏格兰松林相关的物种具有以下特征：对更明亮的条件，更高的日照强度和对大陆性气候的适应能力。相反，挪威云杉林分的物种忍受较低光照的比例相对较大，但也有较高的可用营养水平，湿度和pH值的指标。Ellenberg指标物种分析的结果，以及更大的地衣覆盖率以及对某些苔藓的干旱适应能力表明，林地群落是由苏格兰松树和挪威云杉生产林地的不同环境因素所塑造的。这些环境差异以及本研究确定的林地群落的定量变化表明，如果将苏格兰松树林转换为挪威云杉，则可能会发生林下苔藓植物和地衣物种组成和丰度的巨大变化。而且还有更高的可用营养水平，湿度和pH值的指标。Ellenberg指标物种分析的结果，以及更大的地衣覆盖率以及对某些苔藓的干旱适应能力表明，林地群落是由苏格兰松树和挪威云杉生产林地的不同环境因素所塑造的。这些环境差异以及本研究确定的林地群落的定量变化表明，如果将苏格兰松树林转换为挪威云杉，则可能会发生林下苔藓植物和地衣物种组成和丰度的巨大变化。而且还有更高的可用营养水平，湿度和pH值的指标。Ellenberg指标物种分析的结果，以及更大的地衣覆盖率以及对某些苔藓的干旱适应能力表明，林地群落是由苏格兰松树和挪威云杉生产林地的不同环境因素所塑造的。这些环境差异以及本研究确定的林地群落的定量变化表明，如果将苏格兰松树林转换为挪威云杉，则可能会发生林下苔藓植物和地衣物种组成和丰度的巨大变化。揭示了苏格兰松树和挪威云杉生产林中林地群落是受不同环境因素影响的。这些环境差异以及本研究确定的林地群落的定量变化表明，如果将苏格兰松树林转换为挪威云杉，则可能会发生林下苔藓植物和地衣物种组成和丰度的巨大变化。揭示了在苏格兰松树和挪威云杉生产林中，林地群落受到不同环境因素的影响。这些环境差异以及本研究确定的林地群落的定量变化表明，如果将苏格兰松树林转换为挪威云杉，则可能会发生林下苔藓植物和地衣物种组成和丰度的巨大变化。