Historic range dynamics in Kaiser's mountain newt (Neurergus kaiseri): Insights from phylogeographic analyses and species distribution modeling,Ecology and Evolution

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Historic range dynamics in Kaiser's mountain newt (Neurergus kaiseri): Insights from phylogeographic analyses and species distribution modeling
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-02 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7595
Somaye Vaissi ₁

Affiliation

Vulnerable Kaiser's mountain newt, Neurergus kaiseri, is endemic to highland streams, springs, and pools of the southwestern Zagros mountain, Iran. The present study aimed to use an integration of phylogeographical and species distribution modeling (SDM) approaches to provide new insights into the evolutionary history of the species throughout Quaternary climate oscillations. The phylogeographical analysis was followed by analyzing two mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) markers including 127 control region (D-loop) and 72 NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2) sequences from 15 populations in the entire species range that were obtained from GenBank. Potential recent and past distribution (the Last Glacial Maximum, LGM, 21 Kya and the Mid-Holocene, 6 Kya) reconstructed by ensemble SDM using nine algorithms with CCSM4, MIROC-ESM, and MPI-ESM-P models. N. kaiseri displayed two distinct lineages in the northern and southern regions that diverged in the Early-Pleistocene. The demographics analysis showed signs of a slight increase in effective population size for both northern and southern populations in the Mid-Pleistocene. Biogeography analysis showed that both vicariance and dispersal events played an important role in the formation of recent species distribution of N. kaiseri. Based on SDM projection onto paleoclimatic data, N. kaiseri displayed a scenario of past range expansion that followed by postglacial contraction. The models showed that the distribution range of the species may have shifted to a lower altitude during LGM while with amelioration of climatic during Mid-Holocene to recent conditions caused the species to shift to the higher altitude. The findings of the current study support the hypothesis that the Zagros mountains may be acting as climatic refugia and play an important role in the protection of isolated populations during climate oscillations.

中文翻译：

凯撒山蝾螈（Neurergus kaiseri）的历史范围动态：系统发育地理学分析和物种分布模型的见解

脆弱的凯撒山蝾螈（ Neurergus kaiseri ）是伊朗扎格罗斯山西南部高地溪流、泉水和水池的特有种。本研究旨在利用系统发育和物种分布建模（SDM）方法的整合，为第四纪气候振荡期间物种的进化历史提供新的见解。随后进行系统发育地理学分析，分析了从 GenBank 获得的整个物种范围内 15 个种群的两个线粒体 DNA (mt-DNA) 标记，包括 127 个控制区 (D-loop) 和 72 个 NADH 脱氢酶 2 (ND2) 序列。最近和过去的潜在分布（末次盛冰期，LGM，21 Kya 和全新世中期，6 Kya）由集合 SDM 使用 CCSM4、MIROC-ESM 和 MPI-ESM-P 模型的九种算法重建。尼。凯瑟里在北部和南部地区表现出两个不同的谱系，并在早更新世出现分歧。人口统计分析显示，中更新世北部和南部人口的有效人口规模均略有增加。生物地理学分析表明，替代事件和扩散事件在凯塞猪笼草近代物种分布的形成中发挥了重要作用。基于对古气候数据的 SDM 投影，凯塞猪笼草展示了过去范围扩张，随后冰期后收缩的情景。模型显示，末次盛冰期期间，该物种的分布范围可能已转移到较低海拔，而随着全新世中期气候的改善，最近的条件导致该物种转移到较高海拔。目前的研究结果支持这样的假设：扎格罗斯山脉可能充当气候避难所，并在气候波动期间保护孤立人群方面发挥重要作用。

更新日期：2021-06-22

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