ABSTRACT

Piezoelectric materials can directly transduce electrical and mechanical energy, making them attractive for applications such as sensors, actuators and energy harvesting devices. While often associated with ceramic materials, piezoelectric behaviour is also observed in many polymers. The flexibility, ease of processing and biocompatibility of piezoelectric polymers mean that they are often preferable for certain applications, despite their lower piezoelectric coefficients. This review will cover some theoretical and practical concepts of piezoelectricity in polymers, such as the symmetry requirements, the underlying mechanism and the necessary materials processing. A brief review of the applications of piezoelectric polymers is also presented. One of the main motivations of this review is to discuss the challenges and open questions in the field in an effort to highlight potential future research directions.

摘要

压电材料可以直接转换电能和机械能，使其对传感器、执行器和能量收集设备等应用具有吸引力。虽然通常与陶瓷材料相关，但在许多聚合物中也观察到压电行为。压电聚合物的灵活性、易于加工和生物相容性意味着它们通常更适合某些应用，尽管它们的压电系数较低。本综述将涵盖聚合物中压电性的一些理论和实践概念，例如对称性要求、基本机制和必要的材料加工。还简要回顾了压电聚合物的应用。