Introduction

Varenicline is an FDA–approved medication for smoking cessation and has demonstrated promise in reducing alcohol use. This study sought to compare the efficacy of varenicline in reducing smoking and drinking among Black and White people seeking alcohol treatment.

Methods

Linear mixed modeling was conducted using data from two multi-site placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials examining the effects of varenicline for treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD; O’Malley et al., 2018, Litten et al., 2013) among Black and White adults with AUD and co-occurring cigarette smoking. The primary analyses were conducted in a sample of 117 adults (O’Malley trial: 29.1% female, 55.2% Black), and replicated in an independent sample of 73 adults (Litten trial: 23.3% female, 45.2% Black).

Results

Black participants smoked fewer cigarettes per day compared to White participants (O’Malley trial: F_1,116 = 8.95, p = .003; Litten trial: F_1,68.9 = 4.74p = .03). Linear mixed models revealed a marginal effect of varenicline on reducing cigarettes smoked per day regardless of race in the O’Malley trial (F_1,109 = 3.34, p = .07), which was replicated in the Litten trial (F_1,67.1 = 20.77p < .0001). Participants reduced the number of drinks consumed regardless of treatment condition or race in both trials (O’Malley trial: F_1,98 = 131.69, p < .0001; Litten trial:F_1,69 = 60.36, p < .0001).

Conclusions

Our adjusted model findings suggest varenicline reduced smoking among Black and White people with AUD and co-occurring cigarette smoking. However, these findings should be replicated in a larger sample.

中文翻译：

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伐尼克兰对患有酒精使用障碍和同时吸烟的黑人和白人成年人吸烟和饮酒结果的影响：两项临床试验的二次分析

介绍

Varenicline 是 FDA 批准的戒烟药物，并已证明有望减少饮酒。本研究旨在比较伐尼克兰在寻求戒酒治疗的黑人和白人中减少吸烟和饮酒的功效。

方法

线性混合模型是使用来自两个多中心安慰剂对照随机临床试验的数据进行的，这些试验检验了伐尼克兰对治疗黑人酒精使用障碍（澳元；O'Malley 等人，2018 年；Litten 等人，2013 年）的影响患有 AUD 并同时吸烟的白人成年人。主要分析是在 117 名成年人的样本中进行的（O'Malley 试验：29.1% 女性，55.2% 黑人），并在 73 名成年人的独立样本中进行了重复（Litten 试验：23.3% 女性，45.2% 黑人）。

结果

与白人参与者相比，黑人参与者每天吸的香烟更少（O'Malley 试验：F _1,116  = 8.95，p  = .003；Litten 试验：F _1,68.9 ​​ = 4.74 p  = .03）。_{线性混合模型显示，在 O'Malley 试验（F 1,109}  = 3.34，p = .07）中，无论种族如何，伐尼克兰对减少每天吸烟量的边际效应 在 Litten 试验中得到重复（F _1,67.1  = 20.77 p  <.0001）。在两项试验中，无论治疗条件或种族如何，参与者都减少了饮用的饮料数量（O'Malley 试验：F _1,98  = 131.69，p  < .0001；Litten 试验：F _1,69 = 60.36，p  < .0001）。

结论

我们调整后的模型结果表明，伐尼克兰减少了患有 AUD 和同时吸烟的黑人和白人的吸烟率。然而，这些发现应该在更大的样本中复制。