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Impact of effluent discharge on recreational beach water quality: a case study of Karachi-Pakistan
Journal of Coastal Conservation ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s11852-021-00824-5
Abdul Ghaffar Memon , Atif Mustafa , Abdu Raheem , Jabran Ahmad , Abdulmoseen S. Giwa

The degraded water quality of recreational beaches and associated diseases is a global concern. The discharge of municipal effluents and other wastes has threatened coastal resources irrespective of local authorities colossal investment in their development. Strategic assessment and monitoring of water quality are essential pathways to reduce contaminant level of microbes responsible for waterborne diseases. As in Karachi's case study, two wastewater discharge drains were identified at Sea View, which is famous for recreational activities. These two primary discharge drains contained contaminants, including various pathogens that pollute the marine environment and disturb the ecosystem. The current study aims to assess the water quality along the beach through an in-depth monitoring program lasting from May till September 2020. The assessment focused on total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) counts; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Analysis of the results conclude that both discharge drains contained high levels of TC (1600 MPN or CFU per 100 mL of the sample) and FC (203 MPN per 100 mL). Moreover, COD and BOD levels were found to be high (COD 945 mg/L and BOD 410 mg/L). Hence, recreational activity may not be suitable near these discharge drains, indicating their association with high health risks.



中文翻译:

废水排放对休闲海滩水质的影响:以巴基斯坦卡拉奇为例

休闲海滩和相关疾病的水质下降已成为全球关注的问题。城市污水和其他废物的排放已威胁到沿海资源,而不论地方当局对其开发的巨额投资如何。对水质进行战略评估和监测是减少造成水生疾病的微生物污染水平的重要途径。与卡拉奇的案例研究一样,在以娱乐活动而闻名的“海景”(Sea View)上确定了两个废水排放排水沟。这两个主要排水沟包含污染物,其中包括污染海洋环境并破坏生态系统的各种病原体。当前的研究旨在通过一项持续至2020年5月至2020年9月的深度监测计划来评估海滩沿岸的水质。评估的重点是大肠菌群(TC)和粪便大肠菌群(FC)的总数;生化需氧量(BOD5)和化学需氧量(COD)。对结果的分析得出结论,两个排放口都含有高含量的TC(每100毫升样品1600 MPN或CFU)和FC(每100毫升203 MPN)。此外,发现COD和BOD含量较高(COD 945 mg / L和BOD 410 mg / L)。因此,娱乐活动可能不适合在这些排水渠附近进行,这表明它们与高健康风险相关。

更新日期:2021-05-02
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