The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the salivary proteome in horses with acute abdominal disease (AAD) using a tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomic approach. The saliva samples from eight horses with AAD were compared with six healthy horses in the proteomic study. Additionally, saliva samples from eight horses with AAD and eight controls were used to validate lactoferrin (LF) in saliva. The TMT analysis quantified 118 proteins. Of these, 17 differed significantly between horses with AAD and the healthy controls, 11 being downregulated and 6 upregulated. Our results showed the downregulation of gamma-enteric smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), latherin isoform X1, and LF. These proteins could be closely related to an impaired primary immune defense and antimicrobial capacity in the mucosa. In addition, there was an upregulation of mucin 19 (MUC19) and the serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5) associated with a protective effect during inflammation. The proteins identified in our study could have the potential to be novel biomarkers for diagnosis or monitoring the physiopathology of the disease, especially LF, which decreased in the saliva of horses with AAD and was successfully measured using a commercially available immunoassay.

中文翻译：

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急性腹部疾病马唾液的串联质量标签（TMT）蛋白质组学分析

这项研究的目的是使用基于串联质量标签（TMT）的蛋白质组学方法研究急性腹部疾病（AAD）马的唾液蛋白质组的变化。在蛋白质组学研究中，将来自八匹患有AAD的马的唾液样本与六只健康的马进行了比较。另外，使用来自八匹具有AAD的马和八个对照的唾液样本来验证唾液中的乳铁蛋白（LF）。TMT分析定量了118种蛋白质。其中，有AAD的马与健康对照组之间有17个显着差异，有11个下调，有6个上调。我们的结果表明，γ-肠平滑肌肌动蛋白（ACTA2），叶绿素同工型X1和LF的下调。这些蛋白质可能与黏膜中受损的主要免疫防御系统和抗菌能力密切相关。此外，黏蛋白19（MUC19）和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂Kazal-type 5（SPINK5）上调与炎症过程中的保护作用有关。在我们的研究中鉴定出的蛋白质可能具有潜在的新颖的生物标志物，可用于诊断或监测该疾病的生理病理学，尤其是LF，其在AAD的马的唾液中减少，并已使用市售的免疫测定法成功进行了测定。