The effect of agrochemicals and beekeeping treatments on drones have not been widely investigated compared to workers or queens. In the present study, we investigated the chronic exposure of chemicals set (deltamethrin, acetamiprid, oxalic acid, fumagillin, and amitraz) on some sperm parameters and on the histomorphology of seminal vesicles. We also assessed the colony development and nosema load before and after the exposure. Thirty native Apis mellifera anatolica honeybee colonies with sister queens equalized with brood and total frame of bees were used for this experiment. Five colonies were used for each group. Deltamethrin, acetamiprid and fumagillin were given as oral chronic exposure at final concentrations of 25.10^-6 mg L⁻¹, 0.01 m L⁻¹ and 50 mg L⁻¹ respectively in syrup solution (50/50). Colonies were exposed to oxalic acid by spraying 5 mL per frame space of 3% (w/v) of oxalic acid dihydrate. Finally, the amitraz was applied based on the manufacturer’s instructions. The concentrations chosen represented the field-realistic concentrations and those used by beekeepers in the region. Results showed that deltamethrin reduced brood production. In the same group, we found a high increase in nosema load. All treatments decreased sperm count except for fumagillin but this compound increased sperm mortality and increased the percentage of sperm with defected acrosome integrity. The amitraz exhibited a high sperm mortality and high percentage of sperm with defected membrane integrity function. The sperm parameters such as the count, the motility, the acrosome integrity, the membrane function of sperm, and the histomorphology of seminal vesicles of drones exposed to oxalic acid were the most affected. Bee medications commonly used such as oxalic acid and fumagillin should be more investigated and should be considered by beekeepers and particularly queen breeders.

与工人或女王相比，农药和养蜂处理对无人机的影响尚未得到广泛研究。在本研究中，我们调查了某些精子参数和精囊组织形态的化学物质（溴氰菊酯，扑热息痛，草酸，富马吉林和阿米特拉斯）的长期暴露。我们还评估了暴露前后的菌落发育和鼻子负荷。该实验使用了三十个原生的蜜蜂蜜蜂种群，其姐妹女王/王后与亲本平衡，并且蜜蜂的整体结构也被用于该实验。每组使用五个菌落。溴氰菊酯，啶虫脒和烟曲霉素给予截至25.10终浓度口服慢性暴露^-6 毫克的L ^-1，0.01 M L ^-1和50 mg L ^-1分别在糖浆溶液（50/50）中。通过每帧空间喷洒5 mL 3％（w / v）的草酸二水合物使菌落暴露于草酸中。最终，根据制造商的说明使用了双甲mit。选择的浓度代表现场实际浓度以及该地区养蜂人使用的浓度。结果表明溴氰菊酯减少了育雏量。在同一组中，我们发现鼻腔负荷明显增加。除富马洁林外，所有治疗均降低精子数量，但该化合物增加了精子死亡率，并增加了顶体完整性受损的精子百分比。阿米特拉斯显示出高的精子死亡率和高比例的精子，其膜完整性功能受损。精子参数，例如数量，运动力，顶体完整性，精子的膜功能和暴露于草酸的无人机精囊的组织形态受到的影响最大。应当进一步调查常用的蜜蜂药物，例如草酸和富马洁林，并应由养蜂人，尤其是皇后育种人员考虑。