Conflicting data were found regarding the anemia’s effect on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes. We directed our study to investigate anemia’s effect on clinical in-stent restenosis (ISR) following PCI. A prospective multi-center cohort study was performed on 470 consecutive participants undergoing elective PCI. We classified the participants into two groups: group 1 who were anemic and group 2 who were non-anemic as a control group. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months by clinic visits, we followed up with the patients to assess anemia’s clinical ISR effect. We found that 20% of the patients undergoing PCI had anemia. Anemic patients showed a statistically significant higher rate of impaired renal function and diabetes and a higher percentage of the female gender. Multivariate regression analysis for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after adjusting for confounding factors revealed that anemia represents a more risk on MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 4.13; 95% CI 2.35–7.94; p value < 0.001) and carries a higher risk upon clinical ISR (adjusted HR was 3.51; 95% CI 1.88–7.16; p value < 0.001) over 12 months of follow-up. Anemic patients going through PCI are generally females, diabetics, and have renal impairment. Anemia might be considered another indicator for clinical ISR and is fundamentally associated with an increased MACE incidence.

中文翻译：

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贫血是PCI后临床ISR的新预测因子

关于贫血对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）结果的影响，发现了相互矛盾的数据。我们指导我们的研究以调查贫血对PCI后临床支架内再狭窄（ISR）的影响。前瞻性多中心队列研究是对470名接受择期PCI的连续参与者进行的。我们将参与者分为两组：第1组为贫血，第2组为非贫血作为对照组。在临床访问的第1、3、6和12个月，我们对患者进行了随访，以评估贫血的临床ISR效果。我们发现接受PCI的患者中有20％患有贫血。贫血患者的肾功能损害和糖尿病的发生率在统计学上显着较高，而女性所占的百分比更高。校正混杂因素后，对主要不良心血管事件（MACE）进行多元回归分析表明，贫血代表发生MACE的风险更高（校正后的危险比（HR）为4.13； 95％CI为2.35–7.94； p值<0.001），且随访12个月的临床ISR风险较高（校正后的HR为3.51； 95％CI为1.88-7.16； p值<0.001）。进行PCI的贫血患者通常为女性，糖尿病患者和肾功能不全患者。贫血可能被认为是临床ISR的另一个指标，并且从根本上与MACE发生率增加有关。在12个月的随访中，p值<0.001）。进行PCI的贫血患者通常为女性，糖尿病患者和肾功能不全患者。贫血可能被认为是临床ISR的另一个指标，并且从根本上与MACE发生率增加有关。在12个月的随访中，p值<0.001）。进行PCI的贫血患者通常为女性，糖尿病患者和肾功能不全患者。贫血可能被认为是临床ISR的另一个指标，并且从根本上与MACE发生率增加有关。